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German Grammar Rules
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nouns ending in -ig, -ich, -ing, -ast, -mus, are _____. | masculine (i.e. Der Konig, der Sozialismus) |
| Nouns ending in -ei, -ie, -ik, -in, -ion, -heit, -schaft, -tat, -ung, -ur are _______. | feminine (i.e. die Musik, die Gesundheit, die Universitat) |
| Nouns ending in -ium and -um are _______. | neuter (das Studium, das Universum) |
| ich bin, du bist, er/sie/es ist, wir sind, ihr seid, sie sind, Sie sind; Tense and definition | Present tense of Sein (to be) |
| ich war, due warst, er/sie/es war, wir waren, ihr wart, sie waren, Sie Waren; Tense and definition | Past tense, Sein (to be) |
| __________ of a sentence is the person or thing that is "doing" the verb. Subjects are always in ________ Case. | Subject; Nominative |
| The ______ ________ receives the action of the verb. Direct object takes the ________ case. | direct object; accusative |
| Identify the case of the following: Der Tisch ist braun. I seh den Tisch. | Nominative; accusative |
| __________ nouns (or _______ _______) occurs with the verbs sein (to be, werden (to become, and heissen (to be called, be named.) | predicate nouns; predicate nominative |
| Der-Den is the only definite article that changes in the ______ case. | accusative |
| Wer = _______ _______ | nominative interrogative |
| Wen = _______ ______ | accusative interrogative |
| wählt,wählen means ______;_____. | chooses, to choose. |
| Verb ________ is a list of the six possible forms of the verb, one form for each of the subject pronouns. | conjugation |
| Any of the forms of a verb which distinguish when an action or state of being occurs or exists is ______. | Tense |
| A division of nouns and pronouns (and sometimes of other parts of speech), such as masculine, feminine, neuter or common is ______. | Gender |
| _______ of a word or phrase refers to the state of being singular, dual or plural, shown by inflection. | Number |
| ______ mood expressing an action or state which is hypothetical or anticipated rather than actual, including wishes and commands. | subjunctive |
| What mood? If John were here, he would know what to do. If this be liberty, then give me death! I wish that I were there. I want that he go. | subjunctive |
| The mood of a verb used in ordinary factual or objective statements is ______. | indicative |
| ich singe is ______ ______ _______. | 1st person singular |
| du singst is ______ _____ _______. | 2nd person familiar |
| er/sie/es singt is ______ _______ _______. | 3rd person singular |
| wir singen is _______ ______ _______. | 1st person pluarl |
| ihr singt is _____ _____ ______ _______. | 2nd person familiar plural |
| sie singen is ______ ____ _____. | 3rd person plural |
| Sie singen is ______ ______ _______ & _______. | 2nd person formal singular & plural. |
| Conjugation is always learned with ______. | Pronouns |
| Michael schenkt seiner Freundin einen Ring. | Michael is giving his girlfriend a ring. |
| Ich gebe der Frau ein Buch. | I'm giving her a book. |
| Er schenkt mir ein Buch. | He's giving me a book. |
| mich, dich, ihn/sie/es, uns, euch, sie/Sie are ______ pronouns. | accusative |
| mir, dir, ihm/ihr/ihm, uns, euch, ihnen/Ihnen are _________ pronouns. | dative |
| ich, du, er/sie/es, wir, ihr, sie/Sie ar _______ pronouns. | nominative |
| Die Fotos zeige ich meinen Freunden. | I show the photos to my friend. |
| ich würde zeigen (tense?) | I would show (future I) |
| ihr werdet zeigen (tense?) | you will show (future I) |
| Der Verkäufer empfiehlt der Kundin einen preiswerten Computer. | The salesman recommends the customer a cheap computer. |
| geben | to give; to hand |
| schreiben | to write |
| empfehlen | to recommend; to advocate |
| schicken | to outfit oneself, fit in, arrange appropriately |
| schenken | to give; present as a gift |
| zeigen | to show; point out |
| leihen | to lend |
| ___________ verbs are types that will always take the accusative case when used in a sentence. Meaning the verb needs to be complemented with an object in order to make sense. | transitive |
| These types of verbs will always take the dative or genitive case when used in a sentence. Sie hilft ihm. (She is helping him.) | Intransitive |
| Die Touristen folgen dem Reiseleiter. | The tourists follow the guide. |
| folgen | to follow |
| The neue Hose gefällt meinem Vater. | My father likes the new pants. |
| gehören | to belong to |
| gelingen | to succeed |
| The T-Shirt passt deiner Schwester nicht. | The T-Shirt did not fit your sister. |
| passieren | pass; to move beyond |
| weh tun | to hurt |
| zuhören | to listen |
| Wen hast du eingeladen? | Whom did you invite? |
| Wem hast du das Bewch gegeben? | To whom did you give the book? |
| Wessen Auto ist das? | Whose car is that? |
| _________ case is used in German to express either possession, ownership, belonging to or with. | Genitive |
| Hier ist das Auto meines Vaters. | Here is my father's car. |
| Hast du die Freunde meiner Schwester gesehen? | Did you see my sister's friends? |
| With personal names, simply add an __ to indicate the possessive. | -s |
| Instead of genitive to indicate possession, you will often hear/see the dative used with the preposition ___. | von |
| das Haus meines Freundes = das Haus von meinem Freund. | my friend's house = the house of my friend |
| Weak nouns, also called masculine ____, are a group of masculine nouns in German that have a special declension.These nouns themselves add an -en or -n ending (-n if the noun already ends in -e) in every case and number except the nominative singular. | N-nouns |
| What type of noun look like plurals? | N-nouns |
| There are 2 past tenses in German: ______ _______ and ________ _______. | Present Perfect & Simple Past |
| Present Perfect = ______/_____ + _______. | haben/sein + Past Participle |
| ______ _____ are compound tenses of the verb made up of the auxiliary verb haben/sein + past participle. | perfect tense |
| Two kinds of verbs = ____ and ____. | Weak and strong |
| _____ verbs are formed by adding ge- to the front of the stem (prefix) and -t after (suffix). | weak |
| _____ verbs add ge- prefix and end in -en. | strong |
| Ein-words almost always take the same ending as ________ _______. | Definite articles |
| andere, viele, was fur ein, welch ein, | others, many, what kind of, which one |
| einige & mehrere | some, several |
| solch ein | such a |
| wenige | few, only, little |
| mein, dein, sein, ihr, sein, unser, euer, ihr, Ihr are _______ _______. | Possessive adjectives |
| alle; alles | everything, everyone |
| jenen; jene | those, that, them |
| beide; Beide Professorinnen veroffentlichen sehr oft. | both; Both professors publish very often. |
| Jeder Student bekommt eine A. | Each student gets an A. |
| haben and sein are considered _____ _____. | Helping verbs |
| Haben and sein are always found with _____ _____. | past participles |
| Past participles come at the ______ of he sentence. (gesehen, gekauft, kaufte, etc. | end. |
| Modal verbs are always with an ______. (Mein Freund, kann Bier trinken.) | infinitive |
| The main verb is said to be ________. | Conjugated |
| In English, the verb 'to be' is _______ as follows: 'I am', 'you are' (or 'thou art'), 'he/she/it is', 'we are', 'you are', 'they are'. | conjugated |
| Case and number are determined/displayed by ______. | article |
| Tense and voice are essential in understanding _____. | verbs |
| _________ is a word which joins words, phrases, or clauses. | conjunction |
| ________ conjunctions join words, phrases, and clauses that are equal. | co-ordinating; good or evil; over the river and through the woods |
| _______ conjunctions join a clause to the main clause and diminish one thought to another. | subordinating; Although we were invited, we didn't go. They left becasue they were bored. |
Created by:
spira