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thoracic card, vascu
thoracic, cartdiac, and vascular surg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A mass of undissolved matter carried in the blood is: thrombus, embolus, ascites, platelets | embolus |
| For visualization of the pleurae, lower and middle mediastinum, and pericardium, the surgeon would need a:thorascope, mediastinoscope, bronchoscope, laryngoscop | Thorascope b/c it is used lower or middle mediastinum (goes b/t ribs into chest cavity to view lungs pleura pericard & lower and middle mediastinum) |
| As the scrub, with which of the following procedures would you anticipate the use of chest tubes and a water-seal drainage system? lobectomy, scalene node biopsy, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, cardia pacemaker insertion | lobectomy |
| the surgical incision most likely for open heart surgery is: antererolateral thoracotomy, posterolateral thoracotomy, median sternotomy, supraclavicular | median sternotomy |
| Which of the following retractors would be most useful in a posterolateral thoracotomy? Balfour, O'Sullivan-O'Connor, Davison scapula, Weitlaner | Davidson scapula |
| Which medication is commonly gioven intravenously about 3-5 minutes prior to cross-clamping the artery during Arteriotomy: epinephrine, proamine sulfate, papaverine, heparin | heparin |
| With which of the following procedures would you expect the greatest amount of bleeding? Wedge resection of the lung, decortication of the lung, open thoracotomy for closure of a ruptured bulla, closure of a patent ductus arteriosus | Decortication of the lung (removes surface layer of lung) might be done for emphysemia (like sanding) |
| All of the folowing are sutures used in cardiovascular surgery to suture vessels or vascular grafts except: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or Gore-Tex), polypropylene (prolene), polyester (dacron), surgical gut (chromic) | Surgical gut (chromic) because it is absorbed quickly I think |
| Which of the following procedures would commonly require the use of extracorporeal circulation (heart-lung bypass)? Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmectomy with Graft, Pneumonectomy, Coronary Artery Bypass Graft, Vena Cava Umbrella Insertion | Cornary Artery Bypass Graft (cabg) |
| Which of the folowing bypass grafts would require preclotting? knitted polyester (dacron), saphenous vein, human umbilical cord graft, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) | knitted polyester (Dacron) |
| The removal of plaque and lining from an artery is called a/an: Profundoplasty, Endarterectomy, Pnlebography Arteriovenous Fistula Formation | Endarterectomy |
| The creation of a communication between an artery and a vein for hemodialysis access is called a/an: Bypass Graft, Aneurysmectomy, Vena Cava Umbrella Filter Placement, Arteriovenous Fistula Formation | arteriovenous fistula formation |
| The removal of a lung is referred to as a/an: pneumonectomy, endarterectomy, Blalock-Hanlon operation, cryoablation | Pneumonectomy |
| The closing of a defect between the lower heart chambers is a procedure referred to as a: Closure of a patent ductus arteiosus, commissurotomy, repair of a ventricular septal defect, transmyocardial revascularization | Repair of a ventricular septal defect |
| Portosystemic shunts include all of the following except: splenorenal, portorenal, mesocaval, portacaval | Portorenal |
| Vena cava filter devises are inserted to prevent pulmonary emboli by trapping clots from the venous system of the legs and include which of the follwoing? Greenfield filter, Debakey filter, Statinsky filter, Laveen filter | Greenfield filter |
| A sac-like dilation and thinning of an artery wall that can lead to repture of the vessel is a/an: bifurcaton , claudication, aneurysm, stenosis | aneurysm |
| aortic bifucation | in the abdominal aorta, where it divides into the iliac artery |
| stenosis | abnormal narrowing in the blood vessel or other tubular structure |
| claudication | ischemia to the legs when exercising, causes pain, from peripheral arterial disease |
| The procedure in which a fogarty catheter is used to remove blockage of a vessel is referred to as: Arteriovenous shunt, endarterectomy, embolectomy, ligation and stripping | embolectomy |
| endarterectomy | CEA carotid endarectomy --removes plaque in carotid artery (corrects stenosis to prevent stroke) |
| The autogenous graft which is left in place after destruction of the internal valves and then sutured into the arterial systemis: in-situ saphenous vein graft, human umbilical cord graft, PTFE graft, ligation and stripping of the saphenous vein | in-situ saphenous vein graft |
| Cardiac pacing is indicated for which of the following conditions? atelectasis, atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, heart block | heart block |
| During pacemaker insertion, the pacing generator is placed: in the inferior vena cava via the jugular vein, in the ventricle via the femoral vein, in the ventricle via the sublclavian vein, in a subcutaneous pocket on the upper anterior chest wall | in a subcutaneous pocket on the upper anterior chest wall |
| Specific equipment used during surgery on a patient with a pacemaker in place should include: | a magnet |
| what is difference b/t monopolar and bipolar ESU | |
| The scissors used for intravascular access during endarterectomy are called: metzenbaum, jameson, potts, tenotomy | potts |
| The medication used to reverse the initial anticoagulant therapy during vascular surgery is: Vitamin K, heparin sodium, protamine sulfate, sodium bicarbonate | protamine sulfate |
| The aretery that carries deoxygenated blood in the adult is the: aorta, carotid artery, pulmonary artery, coronary artery | pulmonary artery |
| The vessel used to increase the overall blood supply to the heart following CABG is the: saphenous artery, brachial artery, carotid artery, internal mammary artery | internal mammary artery |
| Which of the follwoing procedures is /are performed under fluoroscopic (C-ARM) control: endarecterectomy, cardiac pacemaker insertion, vena cava filtering device placement, both B and C | both cardiac pacemaker insertion and vena cava filtering device placement |
| Common artery bypass procedures include all of the following except: axillo popliteal, femoro femoral, axillo femoral, femoro popliteal | axillo-popliteal |
| The procedure which may require the temporary use of an intraoperative bypass shunt is a/an: femoro-popliteal bypass graft, abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy, carotid endarterectomy, aortic-artery bypass graft | carotid endarterectomy |
| The procdure performed to remove a fibrous covering from the lung following empyema formation is: | pulmonary decortation |
| An outpouching of an alveolar sac which leads to subsequent rupture resulting in a pneumothorax is called a/an: aneurysm, bleb, atelectasis, arteriovenous fistula | bleb ???? |
| bleb | A bladder-like structure more than 5 mm in diameter with thin walls that may be full of fluid. Also called a bulla. |
| which bronchus is more likely to have an obstruction? | The right because it is slightly larger and more of a straight shot from the trachea. |
| atelectasis | Atelectasis is the collapse of part or (much less commonly) all of a lung. |
| arteriovenous fistula | (AV) fistula is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein, tissues below the bypassed capillaries receive less blood supply. usually occur in the legs, but can develop anywhere in the body. Arteriovenous f often surgically created for dialysis |
| The instrument used to approximate the ribs following Thoracotomy is the: Duval clamp, Baily rib contractor, Harken-Finochetto retractor, Alexander periosteotome | Bailey rib contractor |
| Duval clamp | looks like pennington, trianglular clamp, atraumatic, for lungs or lymph nodes |
| Harken-Finochietto retractor | Abdominal (and Thoracic) self-retaining- Finochietto retractor |
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