a substance or a condition that can increase the risk of prenatal abnormalities.

The first hours and days of human development involve the processes of:

duplication, division, and differentiation

the entire packet of instructions to make a living organism.

If a person inherits genes that predisposes him or her to alcoholism but is raised in Saudi Arabia,

how is that person likely to behave in terms of alcohol consumption?

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DEP 1

DEP

Question	Answer
A reproductive cell is called a:	gamete.
In the 23rd pair, a normal girl has:	two X chromosomes.
Low-birthweight babies are more likely to become adults who are:	overweight.
Molecules of DNA are called which of the following?	chromosomes
Once in every how many human conceptions does the zygote split apart creating multiple zygotes?	250
Dizygotic twins are also known as:	fraternal twins.
Buds that will become arms and legs appear by the ______ week.	fifth
A teratogen is:	a substance or a condition that can increase the risk of prenatal abnormalities.
The first hours and days of human development involve the processes of:	duplication, division, and differentiation
What is the proportion of births where an infant is born with more or fewer chromosomes than 46?	1 in 200

When genes interact additively, the phenotype reflects what proportion of the genes involved?	all

A sperm has ______ as many chromosomes as a normal body cell.	half
A genome is:	the entire packet of instructions to make a living organism.
If a person inherits genes that predisposes him or her to alcoholism but is raised in Saudi Arabia,	how is that person likely to behave in terms of alcohol consumption?
Since alcohol is a cultural taboo in Saudi Arabia, the person will not likely become alcoholic.
In which of the following disorders is it possible to tell whether or not someone is a carrier?	Tay-Sachs disease
Which of the following can be detected prenatally?	hydrocephalus

The germinal period ends approximately:
two weeks after conception.
Which of the following statements is true regarding monozygotic twins?
Even though they begin with identical genotypes, their phenotypes may differ at birth.
With excellent medical care, a fetus can survive if it is born as early as:
22 weeks after conception.
In a first birth, the average length of active labor is:
about 12 hours.
Which gene must be present on the Y chromosome to ensure the development of a male fetus?
SRY
A gene is recessive when:
its influence can be hidden by a more powerful gene.
The third period of gestation is the:
fetal period.
Jeff's genome contains a recessive gene for cystic fibrosis. Jeff is said to be a ______ of the gene.
for cystic fibrosis
carrier
What is unique about stem cells?
They have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell.
The chromosomal make-up of a normal male is ______; the chromosomal make-up of a normal female is ______.
XY; XX
Trisomy-21 is also called:
Down syndrome.
Genetic disorders that are dominant are:
always expressed.
Besides kangaroo care, what other technique can parents use to help their low-birthweight babies progress?
gentle massage
Approximately how many genes are contained in the human genome?
20,000
What do the effects of additive genes do?
add up to make the phenotype
The neural tube will become the:
brain and spinal cord
At the end of the third month of gestation the fetus will weigh approximately ______ and will be about ______ long.
3 ounces; 3 inches
An organism's entire genetic inheritance is referred to as its:
genotype.
Which of the following best defines an allele?
any of the possible forms in which a gene for a particular trait can occur
The Apgar is used one minute and five minutes after birth to:
determine whether the newborn needs immediate medical care.
What percentage of all conceptions in vitro fail to implant?
at least 70%
What are the chances that a carried gene will be passed on to a child?
50/50
Extremely low birthweight is defined as weighing less than:
2 pounds 3 ounces.
Abigail is sixteen and suffers from a chromosomal abnormality that causes underdeveloped female organs among other anomalies. She has only one X chromosome. Abigail exhibits:
Turner syndrome.
In which of the following disorders is it possible to tell whether or not someone is a carrier?
Tay-Sachs disease
The development of alcoholism is affected by:
biochemical make-up.
Monozygotic twins are also known as:
identical twins.
Bill is a genetic counselor. In his position, he has an ethical obligation to:
keep results of clients' tests confidential, away from insurance companies and public records.
Henry was adopted and is genetically predisposed toward alcoholism. However, his adoptive family does not drink; they actively avoid alcohol for religious reasons. Given Henry's genetic potential:
alcoholism might not appear in Henry's phenotype.
Bill is a genetic counselor. In his position, he has an ethical obligation to:
keep results of clients' tests confidential, away from insurance companies and public records.
Which of the following terms describes the level at which a
certain teratogen becomes harmful?
Threshold effect
Teratogens that harm the prenatal brain are called ______ teratogens because they can make the child hyperactive, antisocial, or learning-disabled.
behavioral
Monozygotic twins are produced when:
one ovum is fertilized by one sperm, and then splits to form two clusters.
Phenotype refers to:
the actual expression of genetic traits.
What percentage of all conceptions in vivo fail to implant?
at least 60%
Babies born between ______ before and ______ after the assigned due date are considered to be on time.
three weeks; two weeks
Any birth that occurs 35 or fewer weeks after conception is considered to be:
preterm.
During prenatal development, a particular organ or body part is most vulnerable to exposure to teratogens during its
critical period.
Kyoto's daughter is five days old. Kyoto is feeling sad and inadequate. She may be experiencing:
postpartum depression.
Color blindness is more common among males because:
most color blindness is inherited through a recessive gene on the X chromosome.
Suppose a particular couple has a 50/50 chance of having a child with a lifelong, painful disease that will require expensive medical care. Who makes the decision about whether the couple tries to conceive?
the couple
Saul and Joe are unrelated next-door neighbors. What percentage of the human genome do they share?
99.5 percent
In a normal birth, the action to trigger labor is initiated by:
the fetal brain.
The five characteristics that are evaluated in the Apgar are:
heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, color, and reflexes.
The longest period of prenatal development is the:
fetal period.
Approximately how many cells make up the average adult human body?
100 trillion
In a normal uncomplicated birth, the position of presentation is:
head first.
In genetic terms, if you are a “carrier” it means you have:
recessive genes in your genotype that are not expressed.
In Latin America, a woman who helps other women with labor, delivery, breast-feeding, and newborn care is called a(n):
doula.
The head begins to take shape in the ______ week after conception.
fourth
External sex organs are fully formed by the:
twelfth week after conception.
What is the most common X linked condition?
color blindness
Human development begins when a sperm combines with:
an ovum.
Chromosomal abnormalities occur when a zygote's cells have:
more or fewer than the usual 46 chromosomes
Most zygotes with serious chromosomal problems:
do not begin to develop or are aborted spontaneously
Implantation begins approximately how long after conception?
10 days
Which of the following best defines an allele?
any of the possible forms in which a gene for a particular trait can occur
Khalid is of North African descent. He has abnormal blood cells which result in his feeling listless. He also appears pale and has a low resistance to infections. He is short for his age. Which of the following disorders does Khalid most likely have?
thalassemia
Marsha has twins, a boy and a girl. The twins are:
dizygotic.
Children with Down syndrome are generally:
slow to develop language.
Which vitamin deficiency causes vision problems in children?
vitamin A
Which of the following is the correct pairing of the four bases that make up amino acids?
A-T, T-A, C-G, G-C
The molecular basis of heredity is:
DNA.
How long is the fetal period?
from nine weeks after conception until birth
What is the natural sex ratio at conception?
approximately 50/50
More than 50,000 units of this vitamin can cause fetal abnormalities:
A
The critical factor in attaining the age of viability is:
having adequate brain development
Florence gave birth to a preterm infant who remains in the intensive-care nursery of the local hospital. She is encouraged to spend at least an hour each day holding her baby skin-to-skin between her breasts and allowing the baby to feel her body heat. Fl
kangaroo care.
Chromosomal abnormalities are most often associated with:
maternal age.
Which of the following is a characteristic of children born with Klinefelter syndrome?
They may develop normally until puberty.
Differentiation refers to the process by which:
zygotic cells specialize depending on where they are located.
When a particular inherited characteristic is controlled more by one gene of a pair than by the other, the stronger gene is called:
dominant.
How many variations among the 3 billion chemical pairs constituting the human genome has the HapMap noted?
11 million
Which syndrome is the most common form of inherited mental retardation?
Fragile X Syndrome
What is unique about stem cells?
They have the ability to differentiate into any type of cell.
More than 50,000 units of this vitamin can cause fetal abnormalities:
A
Most traits are polygenic, meaning that they are:
produced by many genes.
Babies considered small for their gestational age (SGA):
weigh less than expected, given the length of pregnancy.
Some teratogens are harmless until they reach a certain level of exposure; they then become dangerous, thus demonstrating the:
threshold effect.
Sperm and ova are called:
gametes.
The fetus begins to develop male sex organs if:
the SRY gene on the Y chromosome commands the sex organ to develop.
What percentage of births in the United States are from cesarean sections?
33%
Implantation begins approximately how long after conception?
10 days
When a sperm and ovum unite, what is formed?
a zygote
A breech baby is:
buttocks first going into the cervix when labor begins
An incomplete split of a zygote results creates:
conjoined twins.
Every normal human body cell contains how many chromosomes?
23 pairs
What percentage of embryos are aborted spontaneously?
20 percent
What do regulator genes direct?
polygenic interactions
Each gamete has how many chromosomes?
23
One difference between sperm cells and ova is that:
ova carry an X chromosome, whereas sperm carry either an X or a Y chromosome.
The chief chromosomal feature of fragile X syndrome is that:
a single gene has more than 200 repetitions of one triplet.
Low birthweight is defined internationally as a body weight of less than:
5½ pounds.
About how much weight will the average fetus gain during the last three months of gestation?
5 pounds
Recessive X-linked genes are
more likely to be expressed in a man's phenotype.
A person's sex is determined by:
the 23rd pair of chromosomes
Dizygotic twins are produced when:
two ova are fertilized by two different sperm at roughly the same time.
The chief chromosomal feature of fragile X syndrome is that:
a single gene has more than 200 repetitions of one triplet.

Created by: lizbabe166

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