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Am Nat Gvnmt quiz2-3
Quiz 2 and 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A businessman from New York is mugged in Florida. He must be afforded the same police services as a Florida resident because of the | privileges and immunities clause |
| A court order that protects people from arbitrary imprisonment by requiring officials of the government to bring them before a court and state the reasons for detaining them is called a(n) | writ of habeas corpus |
| A federal system of government gives the | central government exclusive powers in the area of national security |
| Although the Constitution gives Congress the expressed power to raise an army and a navy, it does not say how that is to be done. How Congress does this is based on its use of the | necessary and proper clause |
| Amending the Constitution is a two-stage process of | proposal and ratification |
| Benjamin Franklin proposed the Albany Plan in an effort to | find a way for colonies to cooperate with their British rulers |
| Colonist __________ wrote the famous pamphlet __________, which is credited with turning the tide of public opinion in favor of a formal break with England | Thomas Paine, Common Sense |
| Daniel Shays was a(an) | farmer and Revolutionary War veteran |
| Federal aid to the states | has increased since the Reagan administration |
| Federal judges are assigned to life tenure in order to | free them from public opinion |
| Following the theory of New Federalism, President Reagan | increased block grants for state programs |
| How many amendments proposed by Congress since the Civil War have been ratified by the states? | almost all |
| In 1938, the Roosevelt administration passed legislation that imposed federal regulation in all but | women's equality in the work force. |
| In a confederation, powers of the central government are | granted to it by the state or provincial governments |
| In a unitary government, the central government | has ultimate legal authority over citizens. |
| In cases of domestic violence, such as a riot within a state, the national government has the right to intervene | even if there is no request for help from any state authority. |
| In Granholm v. Heald, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that | the commerce clause prohibits states from enacting laws intended to prohibit the sale of wine across state lines |
| In legal disputes between two or more states, original jurisdiction for hearing cases rests with the | US Supreme Court |
| In the 1985 case of Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority, the Supreme Court gave its approval to what model of the federal system? | centralized |
| In the case of Gonzalez v. Raich, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal ban on marijuana was constitutional. What was Justice Stevens's main reason for the Court's decision? | Marijuana belongs in a special class of activities that Congress can regulate based on interstate commerce powers. |
| Local government revenue is primarily collected from | real property tax |
| National supremacy refers to | states not passing laws or establishing policies that conflict with the Constitution, constitutional Acts of Congress, or national treaties |
| One of the prominent features of the New Jersey Plan was | a single house in which all states would be represented equally |
| Popular sovereignty implies that the final source of legal authority rests with the | people |
| President Bill Clinton was impeached by | the House of Representatives |
| Separation of the three branches of government, legislative, judicial, and executive, was secured by the | U.S. Constitution |
| Shays's Rebellion came about because | Massachusetts was taxing its citizens too heavily |
| The Antifederalist arguments are important because they | articulate the inherent dangers of a centralized government |
| The 1787 convention delegates decided that the proposed Constitution would be ratified when approved by | nine of the states |
| The Connecticut Compromise prevented the collapse of the Constitutional Convention by resolving which fundamental conflict between the Virginia and New Jersey Plans? | the disagreement among members about representation in the national legislature |
| The Constitution gives two basic powers to the national government: implied and delegated. Delegated powers are | expressly stated or enumerated in the Constitution |
| The English Bill of Rights of 1689 | guaranteed the right to trial by jury |
| Federal courts can interpret meaning of laws & the Constitution, limited by the broad authority of Congress to shape the structure of the federal judicial system & to define the types of cases courts can hear. This illustrates what constitutional device? | checks and balances |
| The framers of the Constitution created a form of government that delegated specific powers to the national government and | reserved the remaining powers for the states |
| The inability of the central government to tax individuals and the lack of power to regulate commerce rendered the __________ ineffective | Articles of Confederation |
| The inclusion of a Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution was the direct result of the | demands of the Antifederalists |
| The Magna Charta and the English Bill of Rights both: | promoted equality and expanded rights |
| The main principles in the national supremacy clause of the Constitution (Article VI) were originally proposed by the | New Jersey Plan |
| The most recent amendment dealt with | salary increases for members of Congress |
| The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is an example of the use of | interstate compacts |
| The power of courts to declare legislative action unconstitutional is called | judicial review |
| The powers under the U.S. Constitution that can be exercised by both state and national governments, are known as | concurrent powers |
| The powers under the U.S. Constitution that give states authority to pass laws that promote the health, welfare, safety, and morals of their citizens are referred to as | reserved powers |
| The president has the power to negotiate treaties with foreign nations but such agreements on behalf of the United States must be approved by | a two-thirds vote of the U.S. Senate |
| The skirmish between British soldiers and Massachusetts minutemen at Lexington in 1775 catalyzed what important meeting? | the Second Continental Congress |
| The Supreme Court case McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) | set a precedent for a broad interpretation of the implied powers of Congress |
| The Supreme Court's future decisions in the area of federalism are likely to depend mostly upon | the kinds of individuals who are appointed to the Court |
| The Supreme Court has determined that charging out-of-state students who attend a state college or university higher tuition than in-state students does not violate the Constitution’s | privileges and immunities clause. |
| The Supreme Court refuses to get involved in issues involving the guarantee clause because such questions are | political, not judicial questions |
| The Virginia Plan envisioned | a strong central government composed of legislative, executive, and judicial branches |
| Under the Articles of Confederation, power was | distributed among largely independent states |
| What issue was at stake in the Supreme Court’s decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)? | the authority of the Congress to establish a system of national banks |
| What is the importance of the fraction three-fifths when discussing the compromises made between states during the Philadelphia Convention? | A slave would be worth three-fifths of a full vote for purposes of allocating seats in the House of Representatives. |
| What is the main argument of Federalist 51? | Separation of powers and checks and balances are necessary |
| What is the main purpose of checks and balances? | to limit the power of government by making each branch dependent on the others |
| What principle holds that the U.S. Constitution and all federal laws and treaties are superior to conflicting provisions of state constitutions and laws? | national supremacy |
| What two primary factors led to the calling of a constitutional convention? | economic distress and the inability of the new government to deal with problems |
| What was the primary purpose of the First Continental Congress? | to coordinate a joint response to the actions of the British |
| What was the single most important decision made at the Philadelphia Convention? | to nullify the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution |
| When a person charged with a crime in Wyoming flees to Nevada and the governor of Wyoming asks the governor of Nevada to return the fugitive, the governor of Nevada | must return the fugitive |
| Which amendment to the Constitution abolished slavery? | Thirteenth |
| Which clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment have become especially important sources of restrictions on the states during the past half century? | due process and equal protection clauses |
| Which delegated power did Congress use as the basis for outlawing racial discrimination in hotels, motels, and restaurants? | the power to regulate interstate commerce |
| Which of the following statements regarding The Federalist Papers is TRUE? | They have played a central role in American constitutional history |
| Which one of the following best explains the role of the delegated taxing authority of Congress? | It is used to obtain revenue and regulate certain behaviors |
| Which of the following devices used to restrain the power of government is NOT expressly stated in the Constitution? | judicial review |
| Which one of the following is the primary reason for the growth of the grant system? | dissatisfaction with state and local government actions |
| Which one of the following correctly states the difference between a block grant and a grant-in-aid? | a grant-in-aid can be spent for only for specific purposes; block grants can be used for broad, general purposes |
| Which one of the following is true of federalism? | neither the central government nor state governments exercise total power |
| Which one of the following is true of the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in the case United States v. Lopez? | The Court's decision limited the implied powers of the national government to regulate firearms. |
| Which one of the following statements regarding a block grant is TRUE? | Block grant spending has become a decreasing part of federal aid |
| While colonists agreed that Parliament could make some laws for them, they claimed that Parliament did not have the | power to tax without citizens' consent |
| With the passage of the Sugar Act, Parliament ignored a fundamental freedom extended to English citizens and to colonists until that point. What fundamental right was ignored? | Taxes could only be imposed on citizens by elected representatives |
| Who was a leading spokesman for the Antifederalists? | George Mason |
| Which one of the following best explains why the Articles of Confederation purposely created a weak national government? | the Articles were based on a theory of state sovereignty. |
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