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IFSTA Chapter 16
Fire Detection, Alarm, and Suppression Systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| System of water pipes, discharge nozzles and control valves designed to activate during fires by automatically discharging enough water to control a fire. | Automatic Sprinkler System |
| Sprinkler, standpipe, carbon dioxide, and halogenated systems, as well as fire pumps, dry chem agents and their systems, foam extinguishers and combustible metal agents that sense heat, smoke or gas and activate automatically. | Automatic Suppression Systems |
| According to FM Global Research what percent of all fires are controlled by the activation of five or fewer sprinklers? | 70% |
| A basic alarm system that is designed to be initiated manually, that is by pulling a handle | protected premises fire alarm system, aka local warning system |
| What are the four basic types of automatic alarm-initiating devices | Smoke, heat, fire gas, flame |
| What are the two basic types of heat detectors | fixed temperature and rate of rise |
| What type of heat detector is least prone to false activations? | fixed temperature detector |
| What type of detection device may be the slowest to activate? | fixed temperature detector |
| Where are heat detectors generally located within a room | At the highest portion of the room. |
| What are the typical temperature ratings for fixed temperature heat detectors......living space and attics? | 135º-174º, 200º |
| What are three typical activation means for heat detectors? | fusible link, frangible bulb, continuous line |
| What is the typical rate of rise range for rate f rise detectors to activate? | 12-15º in one minute. |
| ame 4 types of rate of rise heat detectors. | Pneumatic rate of rise spot detector, pneumatic rate of rise line detector, rate compensated detector, thermoelectric detector |
| Alarm initiating device designed to actuate when visible or invisible products of combustion (other than fire gases) are present in the room or space where the unit is installed. | Smoke detector |
| A device designed to sound an alarm when the products of combustion are present in the room where the device is installed. The alarm is built into the device rather than being a separate system. | Smoke alarm |
| What are the two basic types of smoke detectors? | Photoelectric and ionization |
| What is another name for a photoelectric smoke detector? | visible products of combustion detector |
| The photoelectric cell in a photoelectric smoke detector functions in two ways to detect smoke, they are? | beam application and refractory application |
| Which type of detector is more sensitive to smoldering fires....ionization or photoelectric? | photoelectric |
| How often should batteries be changed in smoke detectors/alarms? | twice a year or more often if necessary |
| What are the three basic types of flame detectors | UV, IR, and those that detect both types of light. |
| Which type of flame detector is sensitive to sunlight and typically installed in fully enclosed areas. | IR |
| These types of flame detectors are virtually insensitive to sunlight. | UV |
| What three gases are released from all fires? | Water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide |
| This type of detector will initiate an alarm signal somewhat faster than a heat detector but not as quickly as a smoke detector. | Fire gas detector |
| device used to detect gases produced by a fire within a confined space. | fire gas detector |
| Alarm-initiating device capable of detecting an abnormal condition by more than one means. | Combination detector |
| What is the most common combination detector? | Fixed temperature/rate of rise heat detector |
| System that connects the protected property with the fire department alarm communications center by a municipal master fire alarm box or over a dedicated telephone line | auxiliary alarm system |
| System in which alarm signals from the protected premises are transmitted over a leased telephone line to a remote receiving station with a 24 hr staff; usually the municipal fire departments alarm communications center. | remote station alarm system |
| What are the three types of auxiliary alarm systems? | local energy systems, shunt systems, parallel telephone systems |
| In a remote station system how many properties may be protected by one coded system? | up to 5 facilities |
| Fire protection system owned and operated by the property owner. | proprietary alarm system |
| In a proprietary alarm system it is monitored by whom? | It is constantly staffed by a representative of the occupant |
| All central station alarm systems should comply with what NFPA section? | NFPA 72-National Fire Alarm Code |
| A system that functions through a constantly attended location operated by an alarm company. | Central Station Alarm System |
| What is the difference between a complete sprinkler system and a partial sprinkler system? | A complete system protects the entire building, the partial protects only certain areas such as high hazard areas, exit routes, etc. |
| What are the NFPA sections for sprinklers | NFPA 13-standard for the installation of sprinkler systems, NFPA 13D-One, two family dwellings and manufactured homes, NFPA 13R-Residential occupancies up to and including four stories in height. |
| The automatic sprinkler and all component parts of the system should be listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory such as..... | Underwriter Laboratories Inc. (UL) or FM Global |
| How much clearance should there be between sprinklers and stored materials? | At least 18" |
| What are the main piping components of a sprinkler system | Riser, feed main, cross mains, branch lines |
| What are the three most commonly used release mechanisms to activate sprinklers? | Fusible link, frangible bulb, chemical pellet |
| Uncolored or black sprinkler bulbs are for what temp? | 135-170 |
| White sprinkler bulbs are for what temp | 175-225 |
| Blue sprinkler bulbs are for what temp | 250-300 |
| red sprinkler bulbs are for what temp | 325-375 |
| green sprinkler bulbs are for what temp | 400-475 |
| orange sprinkler bulbs are for what temp | 500-575 |
| In frangible bulbs what regulates the breaking temperature? | The amount of liquid and size of the bubble in the bulb |
| What are the three basic sprinkler positions? | pendant, upright, sidewall |
| What is the most common type/position of sprinkler in use? | pendant |
| Sprinkler storage cabinets typically hold how many sprinkler heads and what tool? | a minimum of 6 heads and a sprinkler wrench |
| These types of valves are used to turn off the water supply to the system in order to replace sprinklers, perform maintenance, or interrupt operations. | control valves |
| What are the two methods used to ensure that sprinkler control valves are secured in the open position? | chain/padlock or electronically supervised |
| What are the 4 common types of indicating control valves? | OS&Y, PIV, PIVA, Wall PIV |
| The PIV has a movable plate with what two words listed? | OPEN and SHUT |
| This sprinkler valve is equipped with the same size orifice as one sprinkler and is used to simulate the activation of one sprinkler. | Inspectors test valve |
| Sprinkler water flow alarms are normally operated either.... | hydraulically or electrically |
| A minimum water supply has to deliver the required volume of water to the highest sprinkler in a building at a residual pressure of what pressure? | 15 psi |
| FDC connection usually consist of what type of connections | 2-2 1/2" inlets or 1 4" inlet |
| Sprinkler FDC's should be supplied with water from pumpers that have a capacity of at least how many rpm? | 1000 gpm |
| What are the 5 types of sprinkler systems? | Wet, Dry, Preaction, Deluge, Residential |
| These types of systems are generally located in areas where temps less than 40º are not expected. It is the simplest type of automatic fire sprinkler system. | Wet-Pipe system |
| Used in areas where temps are expected below 40º | Dry-Pipe system |
| The required air pressure for a dry pipe system is usually home much greater than the trip pressure? | 20 psi |
| In large dry pipe systems standards require that quick opening devices be installed in systems that have a water capacity of over how many gallons? | 500 gallons |
| This sprinkler system consists of closed sprinklers attached to a piping system that contains air under pressure and a secondary detection system. | Preaction Sprinkler System |
| In this system all sprinkler heads are open all the time? | Deluge |
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