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Ch 8 AP GOV VOCAB
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| blanket primaries | nomination contest where voters are presented with a list of candidates from all the parties and allows them to pick candidates from all parties |
| closed primaries | only people who have registered in advance with the party can vote |
| coalition | set of individuals and groups supporting a political party |
| coalition governments | govs where smaller parties combine with larger parties to control half of seats in legislature |
| congressional campaign committee | party committee in Congress that provides funds to members and would-be members |
| critical election | election where each party's coalition of support begins to break up and a new coalition of forces is formed for each party |
| ideological party | party that values principles stands on issues above all else |
| linkage institutions | institutions such as parties, elections, interest groups, and the media translate inputs from the public and outputs from the policymakers |
| Mugwumps (progressives) | Republican Party faction composed of reformers who opposed patronage |
| National chairperson | responsible for day-to-say activities and daily duties of party |
| National committee | coalition of representatives from the states and territories charged with maintaining the party between elections |
| national convention | supreme power within each party |
| new deal coalition | new coalition of forces in Democratic party forged as a result of national economic crisis of Great Depression |
| open primaries | nomination contests where voters decide on election day whether they want Democ or Repub |
| party competition | battle between two dominate parties |
| party dealignment | voters move away from both parties |
| party eras | periods with dominant majority party for long periods of time |
| party identification | self-proclaimed preference for one or the other party |
| party image | what voters know or think they know what each party stands for |
| party machine | particular kind of party organization that depends on both specific and material inducements for rewarding loyal party members |
| party realignment | major political parties form new support coalitions that endure for a long period |
| patronage | jobs are given for political reasons |
| personal following | political support provided on the basis of personal popularity and networks |
| political party | team of men and women seeking control of the government apparatus by gaining office in a duly constituted election |
| plurality system | person is winner by most votes even if they do not receive majority |
| political machine | recruits members by dispensing patronage |
| political party | groups that seeks to elect candidates to public office |
| proportional representation | legislative seats are allocated on basis of each party's percentage of the national vote |
| rational-choice theory | explains political processes and outcomes as consequences of personal behavior |
| responsible party model | ideal model of party organization that parties provide distinct programs |
| runoff primary | second primary election held when no candidate gets a majority of the votes in the first primary |
| solidary incentive | social rewards that lead to people joining a political organizations |
| split ticket | voting for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election |
| sponsored party | local or state political party that is largely supported by another organization in community |
| straight ticket | voting for candidates of the same party |
| superdelegates | party leaders and elected officials become delegates to the national convention without having to run in primaries or caucuses |
| 3rd parties | minor parties with promote narrow ideological issues or are splinter groups from the major parties |
| ticket-splitting | voting one party for one office and another for other offices |
| two-party system | an electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections |
| winner-take-all system | an electoral system where whoever gets the most votes wins the election |