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Chemical Kinetics
Kinetics
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Collision Theory | molecules or atoms must collide in order to react not all collisions result in a reaction |
new bonds can form only if... | the atoms are close enough to share electrons |
unsuccessful collisions | ineffective collisions |
collisions that lead to products | effective collisions |
effective collision must happen with: | speed, energy, force to BREAK bonds in the colliding molecules |
the frequency of collisions should depend on: | the number of molecules per unit volume, aka. concentration |
higher temperature means: | the more molecules will possess the required activation energy and thus a higher proportion of collisions will be effective |
anything about a reaction which facilitates efficient contact between the particles falls in the categories: | surface area fewer reactant balanced equation fluid phase state of matter the molecular structure of the reactants |
law of mass action | when a reaction is at equilbrium, the rates of these two reactions are identical. no net change is observed |
K | rate constants quantity in [] = molarity concentration |
the rate law for a reaction cannot be... | predicted from the stoichiometry of the reaction; it must be determined experimentally |
catalysts... (4) | increase the rate of the reaction are not consumed by the reaction a small quantity of catalyst should be able to affect the rate of reaction for a large amount of reactant do not change the equilibrium constant for the reaction |