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RT Physics Vocab

Ch12 Terms

QuestionAnswer
ANALOG Any information represented in continuous fashion rather than discrete units
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION Process of converting a continuous (analog)signal to discrete (digital) units
BARIUM FLUOROHALLIDE (BaFX:Eu 2+) Barium florohalide with europium, the photostimulable phosphor used on CR image plates
CATHODE RAY TUBE (CRT) Electron tube (like a tv tube) that makes the computer output visible; sometimes called a video display unit (VDU)
COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY (CR) Digital imaging process using a photostimulable chemical plate for initial acquisition of image data; the display parameters of the image can be manipulated by a computer at a later time
DEFAULT Parameters by which the system operates; if no changes in instructions are made by the operator, the preset operating parameters or controls of the system prevail
DIGITAL Any information represented in discrete units
DUAL ENERGY IMAGING X-ray imaging technique in which two x-ray exposures are taken of the the same body part using two different kilovoltages; the two images are processed to remove image contrast resulting from either soft tissue or bone
DVD Digital video disk; type of read only memory compact disc
DYNAMIC RANGE Orders of magnitude over which the system can accurately portray information
DYNAMIC RANGE CONTROL Image processing algorithm for image enhancement that provides a wide diagnostic field, allowing visualization of bone and soft tissue in a single display
EDGE ENHANCEMENT Technique of setting the spatial frequency response so that structures of a given type, usually bones, stand out in bold relief
ENERGY SUBTRACTION Processing technique used in computed radiography that include a dual-exposure method, which requires irradiation with two different x-ray energies, and a single-exposure method, which requires only on x-ray irradiation but in which the x-ray energies...
GRADATION PROCESSING Technique of setting the range of values over which an image is displayed; allows selection of a wide range of values to display structures with widely differing densities
GRAY LEVEL DISPLAY # of possible shades of gray in a digital image; # depends on pixel depth and the display units
HELIUM-NEON (633 NM) LASER Intense, coherent beam of light in the red wavelength
HISTOGRAM Graphic representation of the frequency distribution of gray levels
IMAGE PLATE READER component of the CT system that scans the image plate with a laser and converts the analog info into an electrical signal, then to digital
IMAGING PLATE Image capture portion of CT; captures an x-ray image as electrons are stored in stable traps withing the phosphor compound
LATENT IMAGE nonobservable representation of a structure such as the vaired energy changes inherent in the cyrstalline structure of imaging plates
MATRIX Gridlike pattern of an image composed of a certain number of pixels both in the horizontal and vertical planes
MEGABYTE (MB) 1000 bytes
MOIRE Fine network of wavy lines that have a watered appearance on the displayed image
PHOTOSTIMULABLE PHOSPHOR Special luminescent material that stores x-ray energy and emits light proportional to the stored x-ray energy when stimulated by energy such as visible light from a laser
PICTURE ARCHIVE AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM (PACS) System of computers linked together via a network to store and transmit digital images throughout the network
PIXELS (PICTURE ELEMENTS) Small squares that form the image; pixels have depth in bits usually 8, 12, 15; the greater the depth, the larger the gray scale
SPATIAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE Sharpness of image that controls how prominently the edges are seen
SPATIAL RESOLUTION How small an object that can be detected by an imaging systems and how close together two similar objects can be and still be identified as separate objects
TELERADIOGRAHY Ability to send and receive images over telephone lines from one institution to another
THROUGHPUT Rate at which items can be processed throughout a system
Created by: mrs817
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