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Media GCSE
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anchorage | A 'Fixing of Meaning' For example, a text anchor (Fixing to one point) or a part of a photo to 'tie' meaning |
| Archetype | A universal character (Anti-Hero, Wise Old Person, Mentor etc.) |
| Audience | The people intended to watch or read the chosen media text. |
| Binary Opposition | Contrast between 2 opposite concepts. Good/Evil Male/Female |
| Censorship | Control over Media text, British films are regulated by the BBFC (British Board of Film Classification) |
| CGI | Computer Generated Images |
| Code | A system of signs which can be decoded to show meaning. e.g. technical/verbal/symbolic |
| Connotation | A way in which meaning is created. Red connotes anger/passion/love |
| Convention | A widely recognized way of doing something. |
| Convergence | A way in which technologies are combined e.g. iPad is a convergence of a mobile phone, a book, a computer etc. |
| Demographic | Factual statistics of a population sample. |
| Denotation | Way in which meaning is created The literal meaning |
| Editorial | Feature content that represents the ethos of a n organisation. |
| Enigma | A question that is not immediately answered, and draws the audience in. e.g.a death at the start of the film. |
| Gatekeeping | Quite an old-fashioned term to describe the way in which certain key personnel (news editors, newspaper owners mainly) have control over the information that is presented to audiences, and the way in which it is presented (the angle) |
| Genre | A way of categorising a media text according to its form, style and content. This categorisation is useful for producers (who can utilise a genre's conventions) and audiences (who can utilise their expectations of the genre) alike |
| Globalisation | Process by which different cultures worldwide have come to share the same media texts e.g. movies and pop music. |
| Ideology | It is a set of ideas or beliefs which are held to be acceptable by the creators of a media text. For example, a text might be described as having a feminist ideology, meaning it promotes the idea that women are the equal of men. |
| Institution | A formal organization (with its own set of rules and behaviours) that creates and distributes media texts |
| Intertextuality | The influence that media texts have on each other. Sometimes this is the result of direct cross-references (e.g. music mash ups) or indirect (the way gossip news items regulate the way we view a star's performance) |
| Narrative | The way in which a story, or sequence of events, is put together within a text. All media texts have some sort of narrative, from a single photographic image to a sports report to a feature film. equilibrium - disequilibrium - new equilibrium |
| Neologism | Newly-coined word or phrase made up to describe a new trend, idea or gadget e.g. hopium, agnotology |
| News Values | Ways of categorising and assessing news stories to decide on their newsworthiness |
| Ownership | An important issue in media studies - and a constantly changing one. Who produces and distributes the media texts we read? |
| POV | A first-person camera shot that shows a scene from an individual character's viewpoint. Used to help the audience understand what is happening in a character's head e.g. a predator stalking his/her prey |
| Preferred Reading | The meaning of a text which the producers intended. |
| Protagonist | The character who drives the narrative forward, through the choices they make and the actions they take |
| Realism | The techniques by which a media text represents ideas and images that are held to have a true relationship with the actual world around us. Animation - Hairs moving (More realistic) Soaps - Them Eating (More lifelike) |
| Representation | The way in which the media "re-presents" the world around us in the form of signs and codes for audiences to read. |
| Self-Regulation | When an institution (the Press, Advertising) appoints a group of individuals whose job is to deal with complaints about that institution |
| Signs & Signification | Sign - a symbol which is understood to refer to something other than itself. This may be very simple - think of a "No Entry" road sign. |
| Star | A person who has become so famous, both for doing their job (actor, sport player) and appearing in many sorts of media, that their image is instantly recognisable as a sign, with a whole range of meanings or significations |
| Stereotype | Stereotypes are negative (usually) representations of people that rely on preconceived ideas about the group that person is perceived as belonging to. |
| USP | Unique Selling Point |
| Try and name 13 stock characters in crime dramas | 1) Hero Cop 2) Heroine Cop 3) Anti-Hero 4) Quirky Detectives 5) Bad-tempered but brilliant detectives 6) The Rookie 7) Buddy 8) Grumpy, experienced officer 9) Medical Professionals 10) Psychological Experts 11) FBI Agents 12) Lawyers 13) Infor |
| What is the technical term for a series which is named after the main character? | This character is called the eponymous hero. |
| When the characters have equal value, and there is no 'lead' character | Ensemble Dramas |
| What 5 parts make up Vladimir Propp's theory? | Hero, Villan, Dispatcher (The person who sets the hero off on their quest), Donor (Helps the hero), Princess (The prize for the hero) |
| 4 Types of Camera Shots | ECU - Extreme Close Up CU - Close Up MS - Mid Shot LS - Long Shot |
| What effect does a High Angle Shot have on a scene? | It can make a person seem vulerable or weak. It also emphasises the surroundings. |
| What effect does a High Angle Shot have on a scene? | It can make a peron seem powerful or in control of a situation. It also minimises the surroundings. |
| What effect does a Birds Eye Shot have on a scene? | It allows the camera to follow a character, which is useful for action scenes, or for creating supernatual feelings within a horror film. |
| When would tilts and pans be used within a film? | To establish settings and show the scenery/surroundings of a character. |
| Name 3 camera angles | 1) High Angle 2) Low Angle 3) Birds Eye |
| Which shot would be used within an action scene to follow the movement? | A Tracking shot |
| What does diegetic mean? | Diegetic means that sound has been used to create meaning, or to add to the story, for example gunshots or creaking floorboards; as these add something to the story, or can change how people are viewing the scene. |
| What does non-diegetic mean? | Non-Diegetic means that sound has been used to create an atmosphere, for example background music or a radio within a car or a house. It can add realism to a scene. |
| During a night time scene on a storyboard, what are some possible sources of light? | Street lighting, A torch, light from shops, reflection off mirrors, moonlight etc... |
| What are three types of lighting? | Spot lighting, natural light and back lighting(Creates Silhouettes) |
| What is a cut used for? | Action scenes, fast cuts |
| What is a wipe used for? | To introduce something, like a new scene. (Can be made faster to include action scenes) |
| What is a dissolve used for? | For mixing two scenes, although it is slow. |
| What is a fade used for? | Ending a scene or a part, if it is faded to black. It can also be used to slow down parts of a film. |
| What does binary opposition mean? | It means when a 'binary opposition' is a part of a film, for example Male/Female interaction, or Good/Bad interacting. |
| What does Moral Ambiguity mean? | It means when the division between good and bad becomes blurred or not clear. |
| What does a sleuth mean? | It is when a detective follows a trail to unravel a mystery |
| What does Open Narrative mean? | When the ending of a story is unknown. |
| What 5 things make up Todorov's Narrative Theory? | 1) A state of Equilibirum at the start 2) A Disruption caused by an action. 3) A Recognition that there has been a disruption. 4) An Attempt to repair the disruption. 5) Back to Equilibrium. |
| What 7 things make up Propp's Theory? | A Villan - An Anti-Hero A Dispatcher - Someone who sends the hero off The Helper - Helps the hero in the quest The Prize/Princess - The aim of the quest. The Donor - Helps the hero. False Hero - Takes the Hero's credit. |
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DHSBBen