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Bell 206B2 & B3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe Recirculation | Increase of Induced airflow due to recirculation of A/C downwash. *15ft. clearance from all obstructions.* |
| Describe Over Pitching/Rotor RPM Droop | Loss of rotor thrust when approaching or during hover due to over pitching & Rotor RPM decrease. Recover: Collective – Lower Airspeed – Increase *Always check your daily performance limits* |
| Describe Transverse Flow Effect | A reduction of induced airflow at the front of the disc during forward flight increases lift. But, due to gyroscopic effect its 90 degrees later in rotation causing a roll to the right. *Left lateral cyclic during transition.* |
| Describe Retreating Blade Tip Stall | Excessive flapping due to a reduction in VTA caused by an increase of reverse flow size/ Aircraft velocity. Aircraft pitches up & Rolls towards retreating blade (Right). Recover: Collective – Lower Cyclic – Aft & lateral to level Airspeed – Maintain |
| Describe Low-G Right Roll | Low/Negative G situations result in a lack of aerodynamic forces capable of balancing the tail rotor thrust which will result in Left Yaw and a roll right Recover: Cyclic – Immediate, gentle aft to reload the rotor disk. Then lateral cyclic to level th |
| Describe Settling with Power | Insufficient lift to arrest the aircrafts decent. *500fpm MAX final approach* (an be the early signs of Vortex Ring State) |
| Describe Vortex Ring State | A/C settling into its own downwash causing buffeting, sloppy controls, and high rate of decent for flight attitude. Recover: Collective – Lower 2 inches Cyclic – Forward to gain A/S (Requires powered flight, high rate of decent and low A/S) |
| A/C Uncontrolled Yaw | Left – Engine Failure Right – Tail Rotor Failure *Always Enter Autorotation* |
| Describe Tail Rotor Drift & Roll | Tail rotor drift (Translating Tendency) is caused by compensating for the uneven forces in the main rotor torque couple with left cyclic. This causes tail rotor roll which must be compensated with right A/C weight distribution, Tail rotor pylon, or offse |
| Required Documents | A – airworthiness cert. R - radio operators licence R – registration O – p.O.h W – weight and balance I – insurance L – licence L – log book |
| Describe Translational Lift | Additional lift gained through airspeed or wind because of increased efficiency of the rotor system. *About 15 Knots* |
| VFR Minimums | Controlled Airspace Visibility – 3SM Cloud - 500ft vertically & 1sm horizontally *SVFR – 1/2sm vis.* Uncontrolled Airspace Above 1000`AGL: Visibility – Day 1sm, Night 3sm Cloud -500` vert & 2000` horizontally Below 1000`AGL: Visibility – Da |
| Recurency Requirements | 6 months – 5 T/O & Landings (to carry pax) 12 months – Flight review or appropriate exam 24 months – Recurrent Training 5 years – Acted as PIC or Co-Pilot |
| Day VFR Heli. Equipment Requirements | Gauges: Airspeed, Altimeter, Compass Aux Gauges: Oil Temp & Pressure, Fuel Quantity, Tachometer Misc: Time piece, strobe light, radio system |
| What is the VNE for 85-100% torque takeoff power range? (206B) | 92 MPH (80 knots) |
| What is the VNE 3000 lbs gross weight and below? (206B) | VNE 150 MPH sea level to 3000 ft DALT. Decrease by 4 MPH per 1000 ft above 3000 ft DALT. |
| What is the VNE above 3000 lbs gross weight? (206B) | VNE 140 MPH sea level to 3000 ft DALT. Decrease by 8 MPH per 1000 ft above 3000 ft DALT. |
| What is the maximum altitude for gross weights below 3000 lbs? (206B) | 20,000 ft PALT |
| What is the maximum altitude for gross weights above 3000 lbs? (206B) | 13,500 ft DALT |
| Power on rotor (Nr) limitations (206B2) | Maximum: 100% all gross weights Minimum: 97% for gross weights above 3000 lbs Note - Transient rotor rpm droop down to 95% is permitted and should not exceed 5 seconds. Minimum: 95% for gross weights 3000 lbs and below *Accelerate through 50 |
| What are the power off rotor limitations? (206B) | Maximum: 107% Minimum: 90% |
| Power Turbine (N2) limitations (206B2) | Transient: 105% for 15 seconds Maximum: 100% Governor Range: 95-100% Minimum: 97% - above 8000 ft or GVW over 3,000 lbs Minimum: 95% - below 8000 ft or GVW 3,000 lbs and below Steady-state operation: 75 to 88% N2 and engine torque |
| What are the Gas Producer RPM (N1) limitations (206B2)? | Transient: 105% for 15 seconds Maximum: 104% RPM Min/Max for GOV on: 70% Idle Speed: 60-62% Max Starter Engage: 58% Abort Start if rotor not rotating: 25% |
| What are the gas producer RPM (N1) limitations for 206B3? | Transient: 106% for 15 seconds Maximum: 105% RPM Min/Max for GOV on: 70% Idle Speed: 60-62% Max Starter Engage: 58% Abort Start if rotor not rotating: 25% |
| VNE w/ forward doors off? (206B) | 80 MPH |
| N1 transient overspeed limits (206B) | B2: 105% for 15 seconds (max is 104%) B3: 106% for 15 seconds (max is 105%) |
| N1 starting speed vs. OAT (206B) | 7+ = 15% -18 to 7 = 13% below -18 = 12% |
| VNE w/ aft doors off (206B) | 100 MPH |
| Engine Torque Limitations (206B) | 110% Transient (5 second max) 85 - 100% Max Take Off (5 Minute Max) 85% Max Continuous 25-30% Torque @ 100% N2 on Ground *Exceeding 100% may cause N1 topping with resultant rotor droop* |
| Rotor Limits (NR) Power Off (206B) | 90 - 107% |
| Rated transmission power for continuous operation? (206B) | 270 SHP |
| Airspeed limit below 3000lbs and below 3000ft (206B) | 150 MPH |
| TOT limits for the 206B3? | Max Start-Up: 810 to 927 for 10 seconds Transient: 810 to 843 C for 6 seconds Max Take-Off: 810 C for 5 Minutes Max continuous: 738 C *Exceeding 810 C may cause N1 topping with resultant rotor droop* |
| What is the maximum floor loading and weight allowed in the baggage compartment? (206B) | 86 lbs/sq.ft. and 250 lbs. |
| Jetranger engine horsepower? (206B) | 420 SHP, Derated to 317 SHP |
| Unusable fuel when one or both boost pumps are inoperative? (206B) | 10 USG |
| The system is designed to operate without boost pumps up to what altitude? (206B) | 6000' PALT |
| Transmission oil temperature limits (206B) | Continuous: 15 - 110 C Max: 110 C |
| TOT limits for the 206B2? | Max Start-Up: 810 to 927 for 10 seconds Transient: 793 to 843 for 6 seconds Max Take-Off: 793 C for 5 Minutes Max continuous: 737 C *Exceeding 793 C may cause N1 topping with resultant rotor droop* |
| Fuel capacity and fuel capacity with range extender? (206B2) | 76 USG 96.7 USG with range extender |
| Engine oil pressure limits (206B2/206B3) | Below 78.5% N1: 50 - 90 psi (30 - 90 in a B3) 78.5 - 94.2% N1: 90 - 115 psi above 94.2% N1: 115 - 130 psi |
| Hydraulic reservoir oil capacity (206B) | 1.0 US Pint |
| Max gross weight - internal, external, float gear, doors off (206B) | Internal: 3200 External: 3350 Float Gear: 3000 Doors Off: 3200 |
| Airspeed limit for torque between 85 and 100%? (206B/206L) | 92 MPH |
| Engine oil temperature limits (206B) | Max 107 C |
| Max operating altitude above 3000lbs (206B) | 13,500 DALT |
| Temperature below which engine anti-ice and pitot heat must be on while in visible moisture. (206B) | 4.4 C |
| Minimum oil pressure for torque meter to function correctly. (206B) | 115 psi |
| Airspeed limit above 3000 ft. and below 3000 lbs (206B) | 150 MPH at 3,000 ft. DALT, drop by 4 MPH every 1000 ft. above 3,000 ft. DALT |
| What is the engine oil capacity? (206B) | 5.5 US Quarts |
| What is the airspeed limit with the bubble window? (206B) | 110 MPH |
| Airspeed limits above 3000 lbs and below 3000 ft. (206B) | 140 MPH |
| Rotor limits (NR) Power On (206B2/206B3) | 95 to 100% for a B2 97 to 100% for a B2 above 3000 lbs (Transient to 95% for 5 sec) 97 to 100% for a B3 (Transient to 95% for 5 sec) *Accelerate through 50-60%* |
| What is the total fuel capacity and usable fuel capacity of a 206B3? | 93 USG total 91 USG useable |
| Maximum floor loading in the cabin? (206B) | 75 lbs/sq.ft. |
| Tail rotor gear box oil level for standard and high landing gear? (206B) | 1/8 inch above the line for high gear On the line for standard gear |
| What are the N2 limits not including transients? (206B2/206B3) | - 95% to 100% for the B2 - 97% to 100% for the B2 above 8000 ft. - 97% to 100% for the B2 all altitudes above 3000 lbs -97% to 100% for the B3 |
| Max operating altitude 3000 lbs and below (206B) | 20,000 ft. PALT |
| N2 transient overspeed limits. (206B) | 105% for 15 seconds |
| Transmission oil pressure limits (206B) | - Minimum: 30 psi - Continuous: 30 - 50 psi - Maximum: 70 psi |
| What are the starter motor time limits? (206B) | - Battery: hold starter for a max of 40 seconds, then let it rest for 60 seconds before the next attempt - APU: Hold starter for a max of 25 seconds, then let it rest for 30 seconds before the next attempt After 3 tries, wait 30 minutes |
| Airspeed limit above 3000 ft. and above 3000 lbs.(206B) | 140 MPH at 3,000 ft. DALT, drop by 8 MPH every 1,000 ft. above 3,000 ft. DALT |
| What are the fuel pressure limits? (206B2 / 206B3) | - S/N 4-913: 8 to 50 psi - S/N 4-913 plus modification: 4 to 50 psi - B3: 4 to 30 psi |
| Airspeed limit with float gear (206B) | 120 MPH, drop by 5 MPH every 1000 ft. over 3000 ft. DALT |
| What kind of play is acceptable on the tail rotor output shaft? (206B) | A Small amount of radial play (3 thou) is allowed. Should not have any axial play. |
| Mixing of oils is only permitted in an emergency. How long can you operate on mixed oils? (206B) | 5 hours. If mixing occurs you must purge the system and refill, run the helicopter for 5 hours, then and purge again. ALWAYS refer to the mixing oil charts Note: Due to the possibility of cross contamination of engine and transmission oil, use oil |
| What are the torque limits for a Bell 206? (206B) | 110% Transient (5 sec) non-intentional 85% to 100% 5 min take-off 50% to 85% continuous *Exceeding 100% may cause N1 topping with resultant rotor droop* |
| What are the fuel sample procedures? (206B) | Fuel tank drain: Battery on, Fuel valve off, depress drain button. Fuel filter drain: Battery on, Fuel valve on, Fuel boost pump circuit breakers in, Caution light circuit breaker in, fuel filter drain valve open drain sample then close the valve. |
| TOT limits for normal operations? (206B2) | 737'C to 793'C 5 min max take off power. 330'C to 737'C continuous power. |
| What are the engine starter runtime limits? (206B) | External Power 25 sec on 30 sec off 25 sec on 30 sec off 25 sec on 30 MINUTES OFF Internal Battery 40 sec on 60 sec off 40 sec on 60 sec off 40 sec on 30 MINUTES OFF |
| Engine anti-ice Limits? (206B) | Engine anti-ice must be on for flight in visible moisture in temperatures below 4.4'C Max ambient temperature for anti-ice use is 4.4'C |
| What are the rotor limits (NR) (206B3)? | Power ON: Max 100% Min 97% (95% Transient, 5 sec) Note: accelerate trough 50% to 60% as rapidly as possible Power OFF: Max 107% Min 90% |
| What is the autorotation VNE? (206B) | Autorotation VNE limit is 115 mph marked by a blue line |
| What are the gas producer (N1) starting speed vs. outside air temperature speeds? (206B) | 15% N1 rpm above 7'C 13% N1 rpm -18'C to 7'C 12% N1 rpm below -18'C |
| Turbine Outlet Temperature (TOT) limits during start? (206B2) | 793'C to 927'C for 10 sec MAX |
| What is the gas producer (N1) limits (206B2)? | Transient 105% (MAX 15 sec) MAX 104% Max/Min GOV on 70% Idle Speed 60-62% Max Starter Engage 58% Abort start if rotor not rotating 25% |
| What are the Power Turbine (N2) operating RPM limits (206B2)? | Transient: 105% 15 sec MAX MAX Continuous: 100% Governor Range: 95-100% Min: 97% above 8000 ft or above 3000 lbs Min: 95% below 8000 ft Prohibited with Torque above 33%: 75-88% (Transient) |
| What are some reasons to abort the start? (206B2 / 206B3) | TOT is about to exceed 793'C to 927'C for 10 sec (810 to 927’C for B3) Main rotor is not turning by 25% gas producer (N1) |
| What is the engine model for a bell 206? (206B) | Rolls-Royce / Allison Model 250-C20 Series |
| What are the procedures for an engine failure? (206B) | Reduce Collective IMMEDIATELY Adjust pitch to maintain 90% to 107% rotor RPM Reduce airspeed to 58 mph to 69 mph At low altitude, closed throttle flare to loose excessive airspeed Apply collective to decrease forward airspeed and cushion landing |
| What to do if you get a low rotor RPM light? (206B) | Rotor RPM is below normal (Collective off the stop, Nr under 90%) Reduce collective and check throttle is full open |
| What to do if you get a Battery Hot Light? (206B) | Battery case temp has reached 60'C or higher Land as soon as possible After landing DO NOT use battery for engine restart Service or replace battery |
| What to do if you get a Battery Temp Light? (206B) | Battery temperature has reached 54.4'C or higher Turn battery switch off until it cools Then turn battery switch on |
| What to do is you get a Transmission Chip Light? (206B) | Metal particles in transmission oil Land as soon as possible |
| What to do if you get a T/R Chip light? (206B) | Metal particles in tail rotor gear box Land as soon as possible |
| What to do if you get an Engine Chip Light? (206B) | Metallic particles in Engine Oil Land as soon as possible |
| What to do if you get an Engine Out Light? (206B) | Engine power failure (N1 less than 55%) Reduce collective and investigate power failure. If necessary enter autorotation. |
| What does a Low Fuel Light Mean? (206B) | Approximately 20 gal of fuel remaining Land as soon as Practical |
| What does A/F Fuel Filter Light mean? (206B) | Airframe fuel filter is clogged Land as soon as Practical Clean before next flight |
| What does Fuel Filter Light mean? (206B) | Engine fuel filter is clogged Land as soon as Practical Clean before next flight |
| What does a Fuel Pump Light mean? (206B) | One or both fuel pumps inoperative. Descend below 6000 ft PALT Land as soon as Practical *10 USG unusable fuel* |
| What does a Trans Press Light mean? (206B) | Transmission pressure is below minimum Land as soon as Possible |
| What does Trans Temp Light mean? (206B) | Reduce power Check transmission oil pressure Land as soon as Possible |
| What are the two different types of emergency procedures? | Land as soon as Possible Land without delay at nearest suitable area Land as soon as Practical Landing site and duration of flight are at the discretion of the pilot Extended flight not recommended |
| Define Pressure Altitude | Displayed altitude when Altimeter set to 29.92“HG |
| Define Density Altitude | Pressure altitude (PA) adjusted for temperature (Density altitude equals pressure altitude on a ICAO standard day.) DA = PA + 120(actual temp - Standard temp[+15*C]) |
| Fuel Burn (206B) | 30 GPH |
| Altitude Limitation with Floats (206B) | 15,000 ft. PALT |
| Tail Rotor Control Failure: Complete Loss of Thrust Procedure (206B) | Reduce throttle to flight idle, immediately enter autorotation and maintain a minimum airspeed of 58 MPH (50 knots) during the descent. |
| Tail Rotor Control Failure: Fixed Pitch Failure Procedure (206B) | Depending on the pitch position of the tail rotor, at the time of failure, engine power and airspeed shall be varied as follows: Power - Adjust as required to minimize excessive yawing. Airspeed - Adjust to determine best velocity to minimize excessiv |
| Fuel Control and/or Governor Failure Procedure (206B) | Maintain RPM with collective pitch if engine underspeeds/overspeeds Establish autorotative glide if power is very low or if engine must be shut down. Prepare for power-off landing |
| Hydraulic System Failure (206B) | Reduce airspeed to 70 to 80 MPH HYD BOOST circuit breaker – Out, if power is not restored - In. CONTROL BOOST or HYDRAULIC SYSTEM switch –ON, OFF if power is not restored. Land as soon as practical and investigate. A run-on landing at 12 to 17 MPH i |
| Electrical Power Failure Procedure (206B) | Gen Fail Light – Illuminated Cycle generator switch - If power is not restored - OFF. All electrical equipment - OFF (to conserve battery). Required electrical equipment - ON, only as needed. Warning: Reduce altitude to below 6000 feet. |
| Engine Fire During Starting or Shutdown (206B) | Starter - Continue to motor the engine. Throttle - Full closed. FUEL VALVE switch - OFF. IGN ENG circuit breaker - Out. Complete shutdown. |
| Engine Fire During Flight (206B) | Throttle - Close. Immediately enter autorotation. Fuel valve switch - OFF. Battery switch - OFF. Generator switch - OFF. Execute autorotational descent and landing. |
| Engine Air Start Procedures (206B) | When cause of the engine failure is believed to be mechanical, do not attempt a restart. Collective – 90 to 107% Nr. Airspeed - 58 to 69 MPH. Generator - OFF. Perform normal engine start procedure. WARNING: Do not attempt air start above 12,000 fee |
| Cabin Ventilation Procedure (206B) | Vent – Open Cabin Windows – Open for maximum ventilation |
| Driveshaft Failure Procedure (206B) | Indication of a transmission to engine driveshaft failure is a left yaw, rapid decrease of rotor RPM with a ROTOR LOW light, accompanied by an increase of power turbine RPM. Noise level may increase due to overspeeding engine and driveshaft breakage. Col |
| AIRSPEED FOR MINIMUM DESCENT (Vmd) (206B) | 60MPH |
| AIRSPEED FOR MAXIMUM GLIDE DISTANCE (Vbg) (206B) | 80MPH |
| GEN Fail Light (206B) | Generator has failed. GEN switch - RESET, then ON. If GEN FAIL light remains illuminated GEN switch - OFF. Land as soon as practical. |
| Loadmeter Limits (206B3) | Max – 70% |
| Best Rate of Climb (Vy) (206B) | 55-60 MPH |
| OAT Limits (206B) | 51 C – Max Operating Limit 4.4 C – Anti Ice in visible moisture -40 C – Min Operating Limit (Oil & Jet A) -45 C - CHL Company Minimum -65 C – Min Operating Limit (Jet B) |
| Maximum Altitude with Fixed Floats (206B) | 15,000 ft. PAL |
| Minimum weight in pilots seat (206B2 / 206B3 / 206L) | B3 & L: 170 lbs B: 150 lbs |
| Describe the Fuel System (206B) | A single bladder fuel cell behind the passenger seat. Within the fuel cell are two electrically operated boost pumps, lower and upper indicating units and sump drain valve. The boost pumps are interconnected and supply fuel through a single hose assembly |
| Describe the Electrical System (206B) | The 206 is equipped with a 28 volt direct current system. Power for this system is obtained from a 24 volt 13 ampere-hour battery and a 150 ampere (derated to 105 amperes) 30 volt combination starter-generator. All circuits are single wire with a common n |
| Describe the Hydraulic System (206B) | The hydraulic system consists of a hydraulic pump with integrated air-cooled reservoir driven by the transmission oil pump shaft, a solenoid valve, supply line filter which incorporates a red differential pressure indicator button that pops out to indicat |
| Describe the Power Plant (206B) | The design of the Allison 250 series engine is comprised of four major sections plus associated subsystems. An Axial-centrifugal-flow Compressor Section Two separate gear trains are housed inside the Accessory Gearbox Section, the gas producer (N1) and |
| Describe the Accessory Gearbox Components (206B) | The gas producer (N1) gears drive the STOFF (Starter-generator, Tach-generator (N1), Oil pump, Fuel pump, and Fuel control.) The power turbine (N2) gears drive the PTTO (Power turbine governor, Tach-generator (N2), Torque meter, Output shaft.) |
| Describe the Engine Oil System (206B) | The engine lubrication system of the Allison 250-Series engine is a circulating dry sump type with a reservoir and single core cooler located in the upper aft fairing. |
| Describe the Transmission Driven Accessories (206B) | Transmission driven accessories include the transmission oil pump, the hydraulic pump and the rotor tach generator, all driven by a common shaft. |
| Describe the Main Gear Box (Transmission) Oil System (206B) | A self-contained system which includes a pump, filter with bypass, temperature and pressure monitoring, oil cooler, spray jets, relief valve, and magnetic chip detectors for contamination monitoring. Lubrication is also provided to the freewheeling unit, |
| What are the N2 LImits for a 206B3? | Transient: 105% for 15 seconds Maximum: 100% Governor Range: 95-100% Minimum: 97% Steady-state operation: 75 to 88% N2 and engine torque greater than 33% is prohibited. Transient operation through this range is permissible. |
| Bell 206B2 vs. 206B3 | Upgraded Allison 250-C20B or J engine with 2 inch larger tail rotor. Which equals differences in: N2 Minimum N1 Max and Transient TOT Limits Nr Power On Limits Loadmeter Limits Fuel Pressure Limits Fuel Capacity Oil Pressure Limits |
| Main Rotor Diameter. (206B) | 33 feet 4 inches |
| Cruise Speed and Range (206B2/206B3) | 100 mph and 235 nm (2.7 hr) *B3: 220 nm (2.5 hr)* |
| CHL Compnay Weather Minimums | Ceiling (ft) - Visibility (nm) 600 - 3 700 - 2 800 - 1 *No new operations started below 1nm* |
| CHL Company Minimum Fuel | 206B: 15 USG 206L: 115 lbs *CHL: 30 min / Legal: 20 min* |
| PPC Validity | Valid until the 1st day of the 13th month. Training can be done 90 days prior without changing the anniversy date Cancels 24 months after expiry. *Can be extended 60 days* |
| A.B.C.D'S (206B/206L) | A - anti ice (check temp drop) B - beep range (test full range) C - control boost (hydraulic test) D - decel check (5 sec to 65% N1) |
| Magnetic Dip (Turning Errors) | Northerners Lag Southerners Lead |
| Flight & Duty Time Restrictions | Flight Time: 12 hr / 1 day 60 hr / 7 days 120 hr / 30 days 300 hr / 90 days 1200 hr / 365 days Duty Time: 14 hr / 1 day *Rest (24 hr): 3 times in 30 days & 13 times in 90 days* |
| Forest Fire/Blasting Restrictions | 5nm & 3,000 ft AGL No fly zone |
| External Load Types | Class A - Attached (Non-jetisonable) Class B - Attached Class C - Attached to A/C & ground Class D - Persons or Miscellaneous |
| Aircraft Equipment Checks | Every Year: -Fire Extinguisher -First Aid Kit -ELT (test 406MHZ / 30 days) -Compass Swing -Airworthiness Check Every Two Years: -Pitot Static System -Transponder -Replace ELT |
| Confined Area Landing Checks (Six S's) | S- size S- shape S- surface S- surrounds S- slope S- sun *During every off strip landing* |
| C of A Unvalidated | G - gross weight L - limitations E - emergency Equipment A - airworthiness Directive M - maintainance S - snags |
| Open Water Operations | Beyond Gliding Distance - Life Jacket Beyond 15 min/ 25nm - Life Raft (30min/50nm with multi engine) *Survival suit under 10*C water temp* |
| C of R Unvalidated | D - destroyed E - exported A - address change D - decommissioned S - sold |
| Forced Approaches | Autorotation - Enter Wind - Turn Into Landing Spot - Pick Make Emergency Call Pax - Brief Land the Aircraft |
| Acceleration Errors | A - acceleration N - North D -deceleration S -South |
| Squawk Codes | 1200 - VFR under 12,500 ft 1400 - VFR over 12,500 ft 1000 - IFR under 12,500 ft 2000 - IFR over 12,500 ft 7500 - Highjacking 7600 - Com. Failure 7700 - Emergency |
| Magnectic Variation | Variation West, Magnetic Best Variation East, Magnetic Least *Inuvik - 28* E* |
| Arctic Circle Location | N 66.5* Latitude |
| Standard Pax Weights (lbs) | Winter: Males - 206 Females - 171 Child - 75 Infant - 30 Summer: Males - 200 Females - 165 Child - 75 Infant - 30 *Includes 13lbs baggage* |
| Altitude Restrictions | Over a Built up Area: 500' Horizontal 1,000' Vertical Over Non Built up Area: 500' Clear Over Aerodrome: 2,000' *Except for life saving purposes* |
| Right of way Flying | Landing, lower, slower, in distress and less monuverable A/C have the right of way. Alter heading right to avoid |
| Cruising Altitudes | Magnetic Tracks above 3,000' AGL VFR “Easterners are odd” 000* - 179* = Odd 1,000' + 500' 180* - 359* = Even 1,000' + 500' IFR East = Odd 1,000' West = Even 1,000' Up to 18,000' MSL |
| Northern & Southern Domestic Airspace | Northern Airspace: Standard pressure (or above 18,000 MSL) - Alt. setting is 29.92”Hg True North - True tracks are used, not magnetic Southern Airspace: Altimeter setting - Current alt setting or aerodrome altitude. Magnetic North - Magnetic track |
| Low Level Controlled Airspace | Low level airways and Control area extensions: 2,200' AGL - 17,999' MSL Control Zones: 3nm, 5nm, or 7 nm Radius around aerodromes |
| Classes of Airspace | A - Non VFR controlled airspace (from the base of high level airspace or 700' AGL) B - IFR & handled VFR controlled airspace (12,500 - 17,999' ASL) C - IFR & cleared VFR controlled airspace (TCA's) D - IFR & VFR in radio contact (becomes class E when A |
| Radio Calls at an Aerodrome | 5 minutes out Entering the zone Final approach Down |
| ADIZ Amendments | 5 min or 20 nm difference from filed flight plan |
| Pre-Start Checks (206B/206L) | Exterior / Interior - Check Seatbelts / Pedals - Adjust Controls - Free / Frictions ON Throttle - Cycle / Closed Turn & Bank - Off Auto relight - OFF Caution Light C/B - OUT Boost pump C/B's - OUT Overhead switches - OFF Anti-ice - OFF Map light |
| Engine Start and Run-Up (206B/206L) | Anti-collision light - ON Rotor & Area - Clear Engine - START Caution C/B - IN, check lights AFTER 1 MINUTE N1 - 70% Generator - ON (Loadmeter 0.5 or less) Overhead switches / breakers - As required Control frictions - OFF Bleed air heater - |
| Pre Take-Off (206B/206L) | Throttle - FULL NR - 100% T's & P's - Check Fuel - Note quantity Caution lights - All OUT Flight instruments - SET Pulse lights - ON Switches & breakers - As required Skids - Clear |
| Hover Check (206B/206L) | C of G Power Hook - CLEAR |
| Pre-Landing (206B/206L) | Throttle - FULL NR - 100% T's & P's - Check Fuel - Note quantity Caution lights - All OUT Switches & breakers - As required |
| Shut Down Checks (206B/206L) | Throttle - Idle for 2 mins Control frictions - ON Unnecessary switches / radios - OFF Pulse light - OFF Anti-ice - OFF Landing lights - OFF ELT - Check 121.5 Radios - OFF Generator - OFF Caution C/B - OUT Throttle - Closed, monitor TOT N1 BEL |
| Altimeter Errors | “From High to Low, look out below” Standard Day |
| Suns True Bearing (STB) | STB = (15 X UTC (in decimal notation)) - W Longitude (+ E Long. if applicable) *Plot on Chart* |
| Weight & Balance Formula | Weigh x Arm = Moment or w/W = d/D for shifting weight w - weight to be moved W - weight of the aircraft d - distance CofG must move D - distance weight moved |
| Lapse Rates | Dry adiabatic lapse rate: -3.0*C / 1,000' Standard lapse rate: -2.0*C / 1,000' Wet adiabatic lapse rate: -1.5*C / 1,000' |
| True Airspeed (TAS) | Indicated airspeed (IAS) adjusted for altitude (pressure & temperature) *TAS increases 2% over IAS for each 1000' above sea level* |
| Course Correction | Opening & Closing Method Drift error (heading to destination) = (angle from departure + angle from destination) +/- heading |
| Light Communications | Light Signal: On Ground In Air Flashing Green: Cleared to taxi Return to land Steady Green: Cleared to takeoff Cleared to land Flashing Red: Taxi clear of runway Airport unsafe Steady Red: Stop Do not land, continue circling. Fl |
| Average Fluid Weights | Fuel: 6 lbs / USG Oil: 2 lbs / liter |
| Medical Validity | Commercial Pilot Under 40 12 months Over 40 6 months |
| Aircraft Height (206B/206L) | 11 Ft |
| Aircraft Length (206B/206L) | 43 Ft |
Created by:
Huvik