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chem unit 2 module 1
definitions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
hydrocarbons | are organic compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen only. |
a saturated hydrocarbon | is a hydrocarbon with single bonds only. |
an unsaturated hydrocarbon | is a hydrocarbon contain carbon to carbon multiple bonds. |
an aliphatic hydrocarbon | is a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains. |
an alicyclic hydrocarbon | is a hydrocarbon with carbon atoms joined together in a ring structure. |
a homologous series | is a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2 |
Nomenclature | is a system of naming compounds |
Homolytic fission | is the breaking of a covalent bond, with one of the bonded electrons going to each atom, forming to radicals |
a radical | is a species with an unpaired electron |
Heterolytic fission | is the breaking of a covalent bond with both of the bonded electrons going to one of the atoms, forming a cation and an anion, two species are different. |
a nucleophile | is an atom that is attracted to an electron deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond |
an electrophile | is an atom that is attracted to an electron rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond. |
an addition reaction | is a reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule. |
a substitution reaction | is a reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms. |
an elimination reaction | refers to the removal of a molecule from a saturated molecule to make an unsaturated molecule. |