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Anatomy Laryngeal

SPPA 1100

QuestionAnswer
Larynx Function Protects the airway, provides acoustic excitation for voice
Structure of larynx Cartilage: hyaline Muscular: Combo of slow and fast twitch muscles that give us speed and endurance Multi-layered
Parts composed of cartilage Thyroid, cricoid, epiglottis, arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform
Parts composed of bone Hyoid
Thyroid Cartilage Largest in larynx, forms most of the front and sides of laryngeal framework, protects many laryngeal structures, often observed and manipulated in voice and swallowing clinic
Cricoid Cartilage Lowest part of the laryngeal framework; ring-shaped located at the top of the trachea and straddled by inferior cornea of thyroid cart.; articulates with the thyroid cartilage and the arytenoid cartilages
Cricothyroid Joints Placed symmetrically; connect thyroid and cricoid; stabilized by three ceratocricoid ligaments; permit rotation and sliding of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages
Arytenoid/ Corniculate Cartilages Two complex shaped and symmetrically located arytenoids; Corniculates exited from apex of each arytenoid cartilage; arytenoids are important for the mobility of vocal folds
Cricoarytenoid Joints Placed symmetrically; connect arytenoids with cricoid; stabilized by two cricoarytenoid ligaments; permit "rocking" and "sliding" of the arytenoids upon the cricoid (rocking: vf move superolaterally or inferomedially) (sliding: see slides)
Epiglottis Single cartilage positions behind hyoid bone; petioles (lower portion) attaches to thyroid cartilage; important for covering glottis during swallowing
Cuneiform Cartilages Located symmetrically, paired, elongated, cartilaginous bodies, deep to the surface of the aryepiglottic folds; create elevations (tubercles) on the inner surface of the mucous membrane, anterolateral to the arytenoid (corniculate) cartilages
Hyoid Bone Point of attachment for muscles and ligaments; important as a link between the pharyngeal-oral and laryngeal subsystems; point of reference in video fluoroscopic swallow studies
Intrinsic ligaments and membranes Regulates the relative extent and direction of the laryngeal cartilages; most arise from connective tissue
Conus elasticus Lines the sub glottal region connecting the cricoid, arytenoid, and thyroid cartilages together
Vocal ligament Lies deep to the free margins of the vocal folds
Quadrangular membrane lines the supra glottal region forming the ventricular ligaments and folds (aka: false vocal folds)
Intrinsic laryngeal muscles Control length, tension, or position of vocal folds
Lateral Cricoarytenoid (LCA) Extends from lateral portion of cricoid cartilage to muscular process of ipsilateral arytenoid cartilage; adduct vocal folds (close); antagonistic to PCA (opens/abducts vf); receives innervation from recurrent laryngeal branch of vagus nerve (CN X)
Interarytenoids (IA) Arise from posterior surface and lateral border of one arytenoid cartilage and inserted into corresponding parts of opposite cartilage; (oblique: more superficial; Transverse: cross transversely between the two arytenoid cartilage; deep)
Posterior Cricoarytenoid (PCA) Extend from posterior cricoid cartilage to muscular processes of arytenoid cartilages; rote arytenoid cartilages laterally, muscles abduct/open vocal folds; oppose lateral cricoarytenoid muscles
Cricothyroid (CT) Extends from the anterolateral aspect of the cricoid cartilage to the inferior cornu and lower lamina of thyroid cartilage; tilting thyroid cartilage forward, contraction elongates and tenses vf;
Thyroarytenoid (TA) Extends from inner surface of thyroid cartilage and continues posteriors into lateral and inferior aspect of vocal process of arytenoid cartilage; comprises muscular body of true vf (thyrovocalis, thyromuscularis); contraction of thyrovocalis see slide!
Created by: 9902riordam
 

 



Voices

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