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Marine Science Ch 9
Ch 9 Review MCs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What thrusts water masses that are engaged in the thermohaline flow of the world's ocean? | gravity |
| If an eddy found in the Gulf Stream is rotating counterclockwise, then it is: | a cold-core eddy |
| Which water mass is not produced by caballing? | deep water Mediterranean Sea |
| What is the name for slow, deep currents beneath the pycnocline? | thermohaline currents |
| How many water masses are common in tropical and temperate latitudes? | 5 |
| What is La Niña? | colder than normal circulation event |
| What is another name for undercurrents? | countercurrents |
| What powers a Slocum glider? | gravity, buoyancy, heat, and batteries |
| What is considered to be the largest western boundary current? | Gulf Stream |
| What mechanism is being used to gain new information regarding deep sea circulation? | acoustical tomography |
| What does not affect surface currents? | density Wind, temperature, salinity, gravity, and the Coriolis effect do affect them. |
| Where is density stratification the least pronounced? | polar regions/latitudes mostly by the equator |
| What is not a characteristic of western boundary currents? | broad, slow, shallow, and cold (opposites of what are characteristics) Are: narrow, fast, deep, and warm |
| What is used to visualize ocean layering? | temperature/salinity diagram |
| Why are fisheries heavily impacted by ENSO events? | nutrient-rich waters are affected by upwelling caused by trade wind shifts |
| What maintains the permanent thermocline found at all low and mid-latitudes? | continual upwelling |
| What is a characteristic of Antarctic Bottom Water? | salinity: high (salty), temperature: low (cold), density: high (extremely dense) velocity: low (slow) |
| What is a characteristic of an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ESNO)? | -high pressure shifts to Pacific -trade winds on Pacific across Pacific weaken or reverse directions -equatorial currents weaken or stop |
| What influences contour currents? | bottom topography |
| What is responsible for the large-scale global ocean circulation? | thermohaline circulation |
| What is the Ekman spiral? | decreased water movement as it gets farther from the wind source |
| What prevents North Atlantic Deep Water from moving on a large scale like the Antarctic Bottom Water? | topography of Artic Ocean basin |
| What is a gyre? | circular flow of water around the periphery of an ocean basin |
| Where does the largest amount of upwelling occur? | at the equator (equatorial upwelling) |
| How long does it take most deep water to rise to the surface? | 200-300 years |
| What water mass is the most saline? | Mediterranean deep |
| What is not usually able to be measured by flow meters? | bottom water |
| What direction would a gyre in the Southern Hemisphere flow towards? | left |
| What is the disadvantage of using drift bottles to study currents? | intermediate movement |
| Why is the West Wind Drift not considered a gyre? | It does not flow around margins of an ocean |
Created by:
Koolia101