Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chem. exam 3
Chemistry CH. 6&7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The particles of a ? have fixed positions and exhibit motions of vibration. | Solid |
| The particles of a ? are free to move within the confines of itself. | Liquids |
| The particles are far apart and move randomly and rapidly | Gas |
| The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid. | Melting Point |
| The process of a liquid becoming a gas. | Vaporization |
| The temperature at which the particles of a liquid escape and become a gas. | Boiling Point |
| The process by which a gas becomes a liquid. | Condensation |
| The process by which a liquid becomes a solid. | Freezing |
| When a solid changes directly from the solid to the gaseous state. | Sublimation |
| the strongest of forces that hold matter in the condensed states | Ionic bonds |
| Occur between any two polar molecules | Dipolar forces |
| When a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine (N,O,F), it can exhibit an additional polar attraction. This attraction is called ? | Hydrogen bonds |
| Nonpolar molecules exhibit a dynamic induced dipole. | Dispersion forces |
| The strength of this force increases with molecular weight and is known as dispersion forces or | London dispersion forces |
| An intimate, homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. | Solution |
| A substance that is dispersed in a solution. | Solute |
| A substance doing the dissolving, usually present in greatest quantity. | Solvent |
| Solutions form most readily when both the solute and solvent have similar intermolecular forces. | "Like dissolves like" |
| dissolve in water through ion-dipole interactions. | Ionic substances |
| At constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. | Boyle's law |
| At constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature. | Charles' Law |
| At fixed temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the amount of gas. | Avogadro's law |
| Taste sour. Turn litmus red. React with active metals to release hydrogen gas. React with bases to form water and a salt. | Acid |
| Taste bitter. Turn litmus blue. Feel slippery. React with acids to form water and a salt. | Bases |
| : A molecular substance that ionizes in aqueous solution to form hydrogen ions (H+). | Acid |
| A substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solution. | Base |
| When an acid reacts with a base, the properties of each are neutralized and the products are water and a salt. | Neutralization |
| H+ ions do not exist in water solution. Protons react with water to form hydronium ions (H3O+). H+ + H2O → H3O+ The Arrhenius theory does not explain the basicity of ammonia and similar compounds. It only applies to reactions in aqueous solution. | Limitations of the Arrhenius theory |
| means without water | Anhydride |
| are basic anhydrides | Metal oxides |
| ionize completely in water solution. | Strong acids & bases |
| only partially ionize in water solution. | Weak acids & bases |
| is a means of expressing the acidity or basicity of a solution. | pH |
| means “power” of hydrogen. | pH |
| are compounds or ions that differ by one proton (H+). | Conjugate acid-base pairs |
| contain a weak acid and its conjugate base. Such solutions are capable of maintaining a nearly constant pH when small amounts of acid or base are added. | Buffer solutions |
| is when the stomach secretes too much acid. Antacids are often taken to neutralize excess acid and reduce the symptoms | Hyperacidity |
| Excessive use of antacids can lead to an increase in the pH of blood, a condition known as | Alkalosis |
| is the leading chemical substance produced in the U.S. It is used to manufacture fertilizers and industrial chemicals. It is the acid of automotive batteries. Production is 40 billion kg/year. | Sulfuric acid |
| has a number of uses. It is used as a rust remover, and it removes lime from mortar and household plumbing fixtures. It can be purchased from hardware stores as muriatic acid. Annual U.S. production is 4 billion kg. | Hydrochloric acid |
| is produced by heating limestone (CaCO3). | Lime (CaO) |
| also known as lye, can be purchased for home use as oven cleaner or drain cleaners. It is used commercially to make soap. Annual U.S. production is 9 billion kg. | Sodium hydroxide |
| is produced for use as fertilizer and in household cleaning products. Production is about 11 billion kg/year. | Ammonia |
Created by:
Taylor Boyleston