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Baran: Convergence
Baran Chp 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Day-and Day Release | simultaneously releasing a movie to theaters, DVD, video-on-demanding |
| Platform | means to delivering a specific piece of media content |
| Media Multitasking | simultaneously consuming many different types of media; today's youth is very good at this |
| Convergence | the erosion of traditional distinctions among media |
| Concentration of Ownership | ownership of media is in fewer and fewer hands, media merges have narrowed the range of information and entertainment available; market place and ideas shrink |
| Conglomeration | increase in the ownership of media outlets by larger, non-media companies; product becomes more entertainment centered than news centered |
| Problems of Conglomeration | conflict of interest, dominance of bottom-line mentality and its inevitable degradation of media content |
| Defense of Conglomeration and Concentration | 1) Necessary because the telecommunication environment is becoming increasingly fragmented and internationalized-- if not they will becoming financially insecure and advertisers will have even more influence; 2) economies of scale |
| Economies of Scale | defense of conglomeration; the bigger can sometimes be better because the relative cost of an operation's output declines as the size of that endeavor grows |
| Oligopoly | a concentration of media industries into an even smaller number of companies-- what will happen when companies are more interested in $ than their audience and quality journalism? |
| Globalization | multinational conglomerations; issue= diversity of expression |
| Defenders of Globalization | point to the need to reach fragmented audiences (same defense of concentration and conglomeration) |
| Audience Fragmented | audience is more narrowly defined, becoming less of a mass audience |
| Narrowcasting, Niche Marketing, and Targeting | media targeted as smaller audiences that are alike in some important characteristic = more attractive to advertisers |
| Addressable Technologies | technologies permitting the transmission of very specific content in equally specific audience members |
| Taste Publics | groups of people bound by little more than an interest in a given form of media content; demographically targeted |
| Hypercommercialism | selling more advertising on existing and new media and identifying additional ways to combine content and commercials leads to the rise in the number of commercial minutes in a typical broadcast |
| Bugs (or obnoxicons) | commercials that run across the bottom third of the screen |
| Worries of Hypercommercialism | 1) sheer growth in amount of advertises 2) mixing of commercial and noncommercial media content |
| Product Placement | the integration-- for a fee-- of a specific branded products into media content |
| Brand Entertainment | claim product placement is not a commercial, rather is it a new form of content when brands are part of/essential to the program |
| Payola | when radio stations accept payments from record promoters to play their songs; was once illegal |
| Webisodes | web-only TV shows |
| Three Elements of Convergence | 1) digitization of nearly all information, which provides common means to represent all forms of communication; 2) high-speed connectivity; 3) endless advance in technology-- redefines limits |
| Synergy | due to concentration; companies that owns many forms of media has a strong incentive to get the greatest use from it's content by using as many channels of delivery as possible |
| Platform Agnostic | having no preference for where we access out media content (society is becoming increasingly more like this) |
| Blogs | regularly updated online journals that comment on just about everything = distinction between content consumer and producer disappears |
| Cost of Entry | has caused the "source" to become the people formally known as the audience |
| RSS or Really Simple Syndication | aggregators allowing Web users to create their own content assembled from the Internet's limitless supply of material, each is unique |
| Appointment Consumption | audiences consumer content as a time predetermined by the producer and distributor (EX: movie time at a theater, length of a TV show) |
| Feedback Changes | caused by internet, can have direct feedback from audience |
Created by:
eroberts093