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Y9SciPhyTopic5

Year 9 Science Physics Topic 5 Generation and Transmission of Electricity

QuestionAnswer
Electricity a flow of charged particles that can be used to transfer energy.
Current a flow of charge.
Voltage a measure of the amount of energy transferred by a current.
Renewable energy resources resources that will not run out, such as solar or wind power.
Solar cells a device that converts light energy into electrical energy.
Solar energy energy from the sun.
Hydroelectricity electricity generated using the transfer of gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy by falling water.
Wind turbines a kind of windmill that generates electricity when moving air turns a set of turbine blades.
Geothermal energy energy transferred from hot rocks deep beneath the earth’s surface.
Tidal power generating electricity using the movement of the tides.
Wave power generating electricity using the movement of water waves.
Non-renewable resources resources that cannot be replaced once they have been used. Non-renewable resources will eventually run out.
Fossil fuels non-renewable fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas that have formed over millions of years from dead plants and animals.
Nuclear power generating electricity using energy stored in nuclear fuels.
Climate change changes to the earth’s climate, or changes in weather patterns on a global scale.
Acid rain rain that is more acidic than normal, due to sulphur dioxides and nitrogen dioxides dissolved in it.
Decommission to dismantle safely.
Magnetic field the area around a magnet where it can affect magnetic materials or induce a current.
Electromagnetic induction process that creates a current in a wire when the wire is moved relative to a magnetic field, or when the magnetic field around it changes.
Induced current the current that flows in a wire that is moving relative to a magnetic field.
Dynamo a small machine that generates electricity using a spinning magnet.
Direct current (DC) a current that flows in one direction only, such as the current produced by a cell.
Generator a machine that makes electricity when it turns.
Slip rings rings connected to the coil of a generator to make an electrical connection to a circuit. They allow the coil to spin without the wires becoming twisted.
Carbon brushes blocks of carbon connected to a circuit. They press against slip rings to make an electrical connection between the circuit and the spinning coil in the generator.
Alternating current (AC) current whose direction changes many times each second.
Electromagnets a magnet made using a coil of wire with electricity flowing through it.
National Grid the system of wires and transformers that distributes electricity around the country.
Efficiency the proportion of input energy that is transferred to a useful form.
Transformer a device consisting of two coils of wire on an iron core which can change the voltage of an alternating electricity supply.
Step-up transformer a transformer that increases the voltage.
Step-down transformer a transformer that decreases the voltage.
Primary coil the coil on a transformer to which the electricity supply is connected.
Secondary coil the coil on a transformer where the changed voltage is obtained.
Joule (J) the unit if energy.
Power how quickly something transfers energy.
Watt (W) the unit for measuring power. 1 watt = 1 joule of energy transferred every second.
Kilowatts (kW)
Kilowatt-hour (kWh)
Unit the unit of measurement for the amount of energy transferred. A Unit is the same as a kilowatt-hour.
Payback time the time it takes to get back in savings the money spent on making the change.
Cost-efficient something that saves a lot of money compared to how much it costs.
Created by: bookcase
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