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Term

Virus
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Archaea
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PLACE

Cells - BIOLOGY - Diversity of Life

TermDefinition
Virus A protein and its DNA - not alive per se in they cannot metobolize on their own
Archaea Virus Domain - oldest inhabitants of earth - prokaryotes - all life has evolved from these organisms
Eubacteria Virus Domain - more evolved than archaea - prokaryotes - typically referred to as bacteria
Eukaryota Virus Domain - made up of eurkaryotes
Monera 1st Kindom - Prokaryotic organisms lacking membrane bound organelles. Bacteria fall into this kingdom
Protista 2nd Kingdom - Simple eukaryotic organisms not complex enough to fall into the next kingdoms - reproduce sexually & may display mobility using flagella - algea & some water molds
Fungi 3rd Kingdom - Eukaryotic organisms with multinucleated cells - decompose dead & dying organisms to obtain energy - cannot produce own food - mushrooms, molds, & yeast
Plantae 4th Kingdom - Multicellular eukaryotes possessing cell wall, lack mobility & produce food thru photosynthesis - reproduce sexually - mosses, flowering plants, grasses
Animalia 5th Kingdom - Multicellular eukaryotes not possessing cell walls & are mobile during some part of their lifespan - cannot self-reproduce, reproduce sexually - cats, dogs, humans, fish
Archeabacteria Most primative (& rare) life form - exist in anaerobic environments - can use sulfur in place of oxygen to produce ATP
Eubacteria True bacteria - found thru-out planet - microscopic - come in rod-like, spherical, or long twisted shapes
Autotrophic Eubacteria Produce their own food via photosynthesis
Heterophic Eubacteria Get their food from other organisms (E. coli)
Protista Oldest Eukaryotes - single-celled or multi-cellular organisms with a nuclear membrane - may be independent or live in colonies
Animal-like Protista Single-celled heterotrophs - protozoans (amoebas & parameciums) - can be parasitic & be a source of human disease (malaria)
Plant-like Protista Autotophic - can be colonial, forming elaborate algea, or can exist individually - diatoms & dinoflagellates
Fungi-like Protista Exhibit fungi behaviors - slime mold
Saprotrophic Fungi Obtain food by ingesting dead organisms
Oomycota Saprotrophic Fungi Reproduce sexually - water molds - causal agent for many agricultural catastrophes (Irish Potato Famine)
Zygomycota Saprotrophic Fungi Reproduce asexually or sexually - bread mold
Ascomycoata Fungi Largest division - form lichens thru symbiosis with algae - may reproduce sexually or asexually - saprotrophic
Basidiomycota Fungi Reproduce sexually via their fruiting bodies - mushrooms, puffballs, shelf fungi..
Deuteromycota Fungi Very little is known about this group - causal agents for athlete's foot & ringworm
Mycorrhizae Structures created by a symbiotic relationship of certain fungi with plant roots
Rhodophytes Aquatic plant - red algea - live in water - oldest & most primative plants - cannot transport nutrients & water therefore unable to grow very large
Phaeophytes Aquatic plants - brown algae - exhibit a pronounced alternation of generations
Chlorophytes Aquatic plants - green algea - ancestors of terrestrial plants - store carbohydrates as starch, have cell walls made up of cellulose, have chlorophyll pigments - nonvascular - mainly freshwater plants
Bryophetes Nonvascular terrestrial plants - mosses - demonstrate a distinct alternation of generations where gametophytes are the dominant form.
Rhizoids Analagous to a root - anchor Bryophetes to the ground but do not conduct water transport
Pterophytes Vascular Terrestrial Plants - Ferns - dominant generation is sporophyte - 1st with leaves, roots, & organs for transporting nutrients & water
Gymnosperms Vascular Terrestrial Plants - Conifers (evergreens) - naked seeds - don't form flowers
Angiosperms Vascular Terrestrial Plants - Flowering plants & deciduous trees - most evolved & successful group of plants
Porifera Animal phylum - sponges - reproduce sexually & asexually - lack even a rudimentary nervous system
Cnidaria Animal phylum - jellyfish, coral - exhibit radial symmetry & possess rudimentary nervous sytem - reproduce sexually & asexually
Platyhelminthes Animal phylum - flatworms - more advanced nervous system with nerves & nerve clusters - 1st group with bilateral symmetry - digestive system consists of a gut with one opening
Nematoda Animal phylum - roundworms - possess a more advanced nervous & digestive system - reproduce sexually
Mollusca Animal phylum - clams, mussels - much more advanced nervous system with a rudimentary brain - exhibit 1st semblance of a distinct circulatory system & digestive tract w/two openings - reproduce sexually
Annelida Animal phylum - earthworms - 1st group to demonstrate segmentation - a closed circulatory system - blood is separate from other fluids - each segment has a pseudo brain
Arthropda Animal phylum - lobsters, spiders - hard exoskeleton & jointed limbs - brain & nervous cord - largest number of animals of any phylum
Echinodermata Animal phylum - sea stars, sand dollars - deuterostomes (1st opening in digestive system became anus, 2nd the mouth)
Deuterostome The first opening in the development of the digestive system became the anus, the second became the mouth
Protostomes The first opening in the development of the digestive system became the mouth
Hemichordates Animal phylum - marine worms - intermediate between enchinoderms & chordates
Chordata Animal phylum - fish, birds, mammals - common characteristics include: notochord, dorsal hollow nervous cord, gill slits, bilateral symmetry, 3 embryonic germ layers, and coleom
Notochord Rigid, cellular rod covered with supporting fibers - backbone
Dorsal Hollow Nervous Cord Spinal cord - important in cellular communication
Coleom Cavity between the gut and the body wall
Taxonomy Identification & classification of organisms: Kingdom - Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species
Binomial Nomenclature Identifying species with only two words - 1st = genus, 2nd = species
Created by: maggle
 

 



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