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Audiology 1

The decibel

QuestionAnswer
What is intensity? The strength of particle vibration (a measure of amplitude).
What units can we use to measure the strength of particle vibration (intensity)? Units of pressure- dynes/cm2, uPa, or units of power flow- watts/cm2. Watts= work/area, dynes- force area
Are humans sensitive to a large or small range of pressures/powers? The human ear is sensitive to a large range of pressures/powers.
What range of powers is the human ear sensitive to? 10 (neg)16 watts/cm2 to 10 (neg) 2 watts/cm2.
What range of pressures is the human ear sensitive to? .0002 dynes/cm2 to 2000 dynes/cm2; 20uPa to 200,000 uPa
What is the ratio of the range of pressures/powers that the human ear is sensitive to? 1 to 10 million- huge range!
What is the Decibel named after? A.G. Bell, who invented the phone in an effort to get his deaf wife's attention.
What does the Decibel measure? It is the basic unit of intensity; it represents the log of the ratio between a given sound power or pressure and a well defined power or pressure.
What's the ultimate purpose to the dB? It compresses the range of sound powers/pressures we are sensitive to, making them more manageable.
What is dB IL? Who uses it most? dB Intensity Level; used more by acoustical engineers.
What unit does dB IL use? Units of power flow in watts/cm2
What's the formula for dBIL? dBIL= 10 X log Ix/Ir
What is Ix and Ir? Ix= measured sound power, Ir= reference sound power, or 10 (neg) 16 watts/cm2 (the weakest sound power the human ear can respond to).
What is dBSPL? Who uses it the most? dB Sound Pressure Level; used more by audiologists.
What units does dB SPL use? Units of pressure in either dynes/cm2 or uPa (micropascals)
What's the formula for dBSPL? dBSPL= 20 x log Px/Pr
What are Px/Pr? Px= measured sound pressure, Pr= reference sound pressure: .0002 dynes/cm2 or 20 uPa
What does 0 dB mean? No sound/no amplitude? No; 0 dB means the ratio between the measured sound power or pressure is equal to the reference sound power or pressure; log of 1 is 0.
What does the sound pressure thermometer show us? The sound pressure (uPa) and corresponding dBSPL value for some ambient noise.
What's an important takeaway point from the sound pressure thermometer? 20uPa= 0dBSPL; i.e. Pr= 20uPa
Created by: marbliss
 

 



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