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CHE 121: Chapter 1
Fundamentals of General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | The study of the nature, properties, and transformations of matter. |
| Matter | The physical material that makes up the universe; anything that has mass & occupies space. |
| Scientific Method | The systematic process of observation, hypothesis, and experimentation used to expand and refine a body of knowledge. |
| Property | A characteristic useful for identifying a substance or object. |
| Chemical Change | A change in the chemical makeup of a sunstance. |
| Solid | A substance that has a definite shape and volume. |
| Liquid | A substance that has a definite volume but assumes the shape of its container. |
| Gas | A substance that has neither a definite volume of shape. |
| State of Matter | The physical state of a substance as a solid, liquid, or gas. |
| Change of State | The conversion of a substance from one state to another- for example, from liquid to gas. |
| Pure Substance | A substance that has a uniform chemical composition throughout. |
| Mixture | A blend of two or more substances, each of which retains its chemical identity. |
| Element | A fundamental substance that cannot be broken down chemically into any simpler substance. |
| Chemical Compound | A pure substance that can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. |
| Reactant | A starting substance that undergoes change during a chemical reaction. |
| Chemical Reaction | A process in which the identity and composition of one or more substances are changed. |
| Chemical Formula | A notation for a chemical compound using element symbols and subscripts to show how many atoms of each element are present. |
| Periodic Table | A tabular format listing all known elements. |
| Metal | A malleable element with a lustrous appearance that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. |
| Nonmetal | An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity. |
| Metalloid | An element whose properties are intermediate between those of a metal and a nonmetal. |
| What kind of properties does matter have? | Physical Properties & Chemical Properties |
| Physical Properties | can be seen or measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance. |
| Chemical Properties | can ONLY be seen or measured when the substance undergoes a chemical change, such as a chemical reaction. |
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