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CHE-125 Ch. 4 & 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Octet Rule | the most stable electron configuration is a completly full valence shell, which is sometime reffered to as "Nobel Gas Configuration" |
| Metal v.s. non-metal charges | Metal: Positive charge, Non-metal: negative charge |
| Ionization Energy | the energy needed to remove electrons from an atom. Metals have low I.E. and non-metals have high I.E.....IE decreases when going down a family. |
| Tranisiton Elements & Octet Rule | Tranisition elements dont follow octet rule, metals still loose but how many is complicated. |
| Ionic Compounds Characteristics | -all solids-very stornf bonds-crystalline(regular arrangment)-formula gives ratio-high melting points-generally soluable in water (soluable are electolytes) |
| Naming Positive Ions (Cations) | ions w/1 possible charge (1A, IIA, IIIA) is just element name and "ion.".....ions w/more than one possible charge are element name+roman numeral for charge+ion |
| Naming Negative ions (Anions) | Prefix + ide +ion |
| Polyatomic Ions | group of atoms bound together (molecule) that has an overall charge |
| Acid | ionic compound with H+ as the cation |
| Base | ionic compound with OH- as the anion (Bases follow regular naming rules) |
| Naming Acids when H+ is paired with element | Start w/ "hydro" root, then element root, then "ic." EX: HCI=hydrochloric acid |
| Naming Acids when H+ is paired with polyatomic ions | Leave out H in name, root of polyatomic ion and add "ic." EX: H3PO4= phosphoric acid |
| Covalent Bonds | e- are shared, formulas no longer simplify, formulas do not represent a ratio but a fixed unit |
| Dot stucture of Covalent Compound | all atoms should have octet (excpetion is H) |
| Resonance Structure | more than one correct dot/lewis structure. reality is the actual structure of molecules is somwehere in betweeM |
| VSEPR | Valence.Sehll.Electorn.Pair.Repulsion |
| 2 Groups of Electrons | Linear 180 |
| 3 Groups of Electrons | 120 Electron Structure: trigonal planar Molecular Structure: bent? |
| 4 Groups of Electrons | E Structure: Tetrahedral Molecular Structure: Bent ? 109 |
| electronegativity | attraction of atom or nuclues for a shaired pair of electrons |
Created by:
kaelin.steele
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