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ECG Made Easy, Ch. 7
Atrioventricular (AV) Blocks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The site of block in second-degree AV block type II is the bundle of His or the bundle branches. | True |
| The ventricular rhythm is regular in second-degree AV block type I. | False |
| During a first-degree AV block, the PR intervals are completely variable because the atria and ventricles beat independently of each other. | False |
| Second-degree AV blocks are examples of incomplete AV blocks. | True |
| A ventricular ________ rhythm may occur with a third-degree AV block; ventricular rate is usually 40 beats/min or less. | Escape |
| Second-degree AV block type II is most commonly associated with a(n) _____________ myocardial infarction. | anterior wall |
| AV block that often progresses to a third-degree AV block without warning. | Second degree AV block type II |
| AV block characterized by regular P-P intervals, regular R-R intervals, and a PR interval with no consistent value or pattern. | Third-degree AV Block |
| PR pattern on second degree AV block type II. | Constant |
| Second AV block type I is most commonly associated with a(n)____________ myocardial infarction. | Inferior wall |
| PR interval pattern in second-degree AV block types I | Progressive |
| rhythm pattern in second degree AV block types I and II | Irregular |
| Normal duration of the PR interval. | 0.12 to 0.20 sec |
| AV block characterized by a PR interval greater than 0.20 second and one P wave for each QRS complex. | First-degree AV block |
| Location of the block in a third-degree AV block. | AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches |
| Ventricular rhythm pattern in second-degree AV block 2:1 conduction and third-degree AV block. | Regular |
| Location of the block in a second-degree AV block type II. | Bundle of His or bundle branches |
| Common location of the block in a second-degree AV block type I. | AV node |
| A escape rhythm may occur with a third-degree AV block, usually has a narrow QRS and a ventricular rate of 40 to 60 beats/min. | Junctional |
| Indicate the ECG criteria for 2nd-degree AV block, Type I. . | 1. Ventricular Rhythm: Irregular 2. PR interval: Progressively lengthening 3. QRS width: Usually narrow |
| Indicate the ECG criteria for 3rd–degree AV block. | 1. Ventricular Rhythm: Regular 2. PR interval: None, no relationship between p waves and QRS. 3. QRS width: Narrow or wide |
| Complete the following ECG criteria for second-degree AV block type I. | Rate: atrial faster than v, both usually within NL, Rhythm: a reg, v irreg; Ps: normal size/shape, some Ps not followed by QRS (more Ps than QRSs); PR: lengthening til P appears without QRS; QRS: 0.10 sec of less unless intraventricular conduction delay |
| Which type of AV block has the greatest potential to deteriorate to sudden, third degree AV block? | Second-degree AV block type II |
| ECG criteria for second-degree AV block type II, rate: | Atrial rate is greater than the ventricular rate, ventricular rate is often slow |
| ECG criteria for second-degree AV block type II, rhythm: | Atrial regular (Ps plot through); ventricular irregular |
| ECG criteria for second-degree AV block type II, p waves: | Normal in size and shape; some P waves are not followed by a QRS complex (more Ps than QRSs) |
| ECG criteria for second-degree AV block type II, pr interval: | Within normal limits or slightly prolonged but constant for the conducted beats; there may be some shortening of the PR interval that follows a Nonconducted P wave |
| ECG criteria for second-degree AV block type II, QRS duration: | Usually 0.10 second >, periodically absent after P waves |
| What is the most important difference between sinus rhythm and sinus tachycardia? | A sinus rhythm has a rate of 60 to 100 beats/min. A sinus tachycardia has a rate of 101 to 180 beats/min. |
| On the ECG, what do the ST-segment and T wave represent? | ST-segment represents early ventricular repolarization. T wave represents ventricular repolarization. |
| What is a biphasic waveform? | A biphasic waveform is partly positive and partly negative and is recorded when the wave of depolarization moves perpendicularly to the positive electrode. |
| List three (3) causes of artifact on an ECG tracing. | 1. Loose electrodes 2. Broken wires or ECG cables 3. Muscle tremor 4. Patient movement 5. External chest compressions 6. 60-cycle interference |
| Describe the appearance of a pathologic Q wave. | A Q wave that is 40 ms or more wide (one small box or more wide) or more than one third of the amplitude of the R wave in that lead is suggestive of infarction. |
| List three (3) uses for ECG monitoring. | 1. Monitor a pt’s heart rate 2. Evaluate the effects of disease or injury on heart function 3. Evaluate pacemaker function 4. Evaluate the response to meds (e.g., antiarrhythmics) 5. Obtain a baseline recording before, during, and after a procedure |
Created by:
djoyo14