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Chemistry

Chapter 2

QuestionAnswer
Element
Substance
Molecule
Compound
Mixture
Law of mass conservation
Law of definite (or constant) composition
Fraction by mass (mass fraction) (44)
Percent by mass (must percent, mass %) (44)
Law of multiple proportions
atom
Cathode ray
Nucleus
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Atomic number (Z)
Mass number (A)
Atomic symbol
Isotope
Atomic mass unit
Dalton (Da)
Mass spectrometry
Isotopic mass
Atomic mass
Period
Group
Metal
Nonmetal
Metalloid (semimetal)
Ionic compound
Covalent compound
Chemical bond
Ion
Binary ionic compound
Cation
Anion
Monatomic
Covalent bond
Polyatomic ion
Chemical formula
Empirical formula
Molecular formula
Structural formula
Formula unit
Oxoanion
Hydrate
Binary covalent compound
Molecular mass
Formula mass
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture
Solution
Aqueous solution
Filtration
Crystallization
Distillation
Volatility
Extraction
Chromatography
What are the three key subatomic particles? Protons, neutrons in electrons by the three key is what?
What are the factors that influence the strength of ionic bonding?
What is a relationship of formed ions with the nearest Noble Gas
Which are the metals that form more than one monatomic ion? Chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, mercury and tin.
What are the two monatomic ions of chromium? Chromium II - chromous Chromium III - chromic
What are the monatomic ions of cobalt? Cobalt II Cobalt III
What are the monatomic ions of copper? Copper I - cuprous Copper II - cupric
What are the monatomic ions of iron? Iron II - ferrous Iron III - ferric
What are the monatomic ions of Lead? Lead II Lead IV
What are the monatomic ions of Mercury? Mercury I - mercurous Mercury II - mercuric
What are the monatomic ions of Tin? Tin II - stannous Tin IV - stannic
Ammonium NH4+
Hydronium H3O+
Acetate CH3COO- C2H3O2-
Cyanide CN-
Hydroxide OH-
Hypochlorite ClO-
Chlorite ClO2-
Chlorate ClO3-
Perchlorate ClO4-
Nitrite NO2-
Nitrate NO3-
Permanganate MnO4-
Carbonate CO32-
Hydrogen Carbonate/Bicarbonate HCO3-
Chromate CrO42-
Dichromate Cr2O72-
Peroxide O22-
Phosphate PO43-
Hydrogen Phosphate HPO42-
Dihydrogen Phosphate H2PO4-
Sulfite SO32-
Sulfate SO42-
Hydrogen Sulfate/Bisulfate HSO4-
What are the first 10 Straight-Chain Alkanes Methane, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Pentane, Hexane, Heptane, Octane, Nonane, Decane
Methane CH4
Ethane C2H6
Propane C3H8
Butane C4H10
Pentane C5H12
Hexane C6H14
Heptane C7H16
Octane C8H18
Nonane C9H20
Decane C10H22
What is the key difference between an element and a compound? An element is one basic unit while a compound is two or more elements chemicaly bonded.
What are two differences between a compound and a mixture. A compound's components are chemically bound together while a mixture's are physically combined. A compound can only be separated with chemical change, but a mixture can be separated by physical means.
Which of the following are pure substances? Calcium Chloride Sulfur Baking Powder (NaHCO3,CaH2PO4-) Cytosine HCNO A substance has a fixed composition, so Calcium Chloride, Cytosine and Sulfur are pure substances. Baking Powder is a mixture; it is two compounds combined.
Explain the following statement: The smallest particles unique to an element may be atoms or molecules. Some elements bond to eachother, and are called diatomic molecules. Each part of the molecule has the same component characteristics.
Explain the following statement: The smallest particles unique to a compound cannot be atoms. A compound is by definition two or more atoms of individual elements chemically bound.
Created by: msmith0825
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