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Chem level 1
ch.1
Question | Answer |
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Chemistry | the study of matter |
atom | the fundamental unit of all mater; composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons |
protons | one of the three fundamental particles that make atoms. It has an atomic mass of 1 and carries a positive charge |
neutrons | one of the three fundamental particles that make up atoms. It has an atomic mass of 1 and carries no charge |
electrons | one of the three fundamental particles that make up atoms; has almost no mass compared to protrons and neutrons, and it carries a negative charge; electrons form the bonds between atoms in molecules |
nucleus | the central portion of an atom that houses the protons and neutrons |
electron cloud | the space that surrounds the nucleus of an atom and houses the electrons |
helium | the second element in the periodic table. It has two protons, two neutrons, and two electrons. one of the noble gases. |
elements | one of more than 100 fundamental units that make up matter |
periodic table of elements | a chart categorizing all of the chemical elements |
atomic number | the number of protons in an atom's nucleus; in the periodic table it appears in the upper left-hand corner near the atomic symbol for the element |
atomic weight | the combined weight of an atom's protons and neutrons; in the periodic table, it is found below the symbol for the element |
carbon | the 6th element on the periodic table with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons; has the symbol C |
Oxygen | the 8th element in the periodic table; has the symbol O and has 8 protons, 8 electrons, and 8 neutrons |
hydrogen | the 1st element in the periodic table with the symbol H; It has only 1 proton, 1 electron, no neutrons |
sodium | 11th element on the periodic table w/ the symbol NA. It has 11 protons, 11electrons, 12 neutrons. Sodium is alkali metal and combines with chlorine to make sodium chloride (table salt) |
alkali metals | the group of elements in the far left-hand column of the periodic table |
noble gases | the group of elements on the far right-hand side of the periodic table. These elements do no react easily with other elements. |
uranium | element #92 in the periodic table w/ the chemical symbol U. uranium has 92 protons, 92 electrons, and 146 neutrons |
gold | #79 on the periodic table of elements w/ the symbol AU. Gold has 79 protons, 79 electrons,& 118 neutrons |
Lead | #82 on the periodic table of elements w/ the symbol Pb; has 82 protons, 82 electrons, 125 neutrons |