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Chpt_6_Bonding
Vocabulary from Chpt. 6 of Holt Modern Chemistry: Chemical Bonding
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemical bond | A mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together |
| Ionic bonding | Chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between cations and anions |
| Covalent bonding | Results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms |
| Nonpolar-covalent bond | Covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge |
| Polar | Atoms have an uneven distribution of charge |
| Polar-covalent bond | A covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons |
| Molecule | A neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds |
| Molecule compound | A chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules |
| Chemical formula | Includes the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts |
| Molecular formula | Shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound |
| Bond energy | The energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms |
| Electron-dot notation | An electron-configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the element's symbol |
| Lewis structures | Formulas in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner-shell electrons, dot-pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent covalent bonds, and dots adjacent to only one atomic symbol represent unshared electrons |
| Structural formula | Indicates kind, number, arrangement and bonds but not the unshared pairs of the atoms in a molecule |
| Single bond | Covalent bond in which one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms |
| Multiple bonds | Double and triple bonds; where atoms share more than one pair of electrons |
| Resonance | Bonding in molecules or ions that cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis structure |
| Ionic compound | Composed of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal |
| Formula unit | Simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be established |
| Lattice energy | Energy released when one mole of an ionic crystalline compound is formed from gaseous ions |
| Polyatomic ions | A charged group of covalently bonded atoms |
| Metallic bonding | The chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons |
| Malleability | The ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets |
| Ductility | The ability of a substance to be drawn, pulled, or extruded through a small opening to produce a wire |
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