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Shields' Test
Beginning of Second Semester
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Realism | The attempt in literature and art to represent life as it really is without sentimentalizing it or idealizing it. Often depicts the everyday life and speech of ordinary people. |
| Naturalism | Extreme form of realism. Often depicts the sordid sides of life and shows characters who are severely, if not hopelessly limited by the environment and by heredity. |
| 1840-1914 | Naturalism and Realism. Industrialism is still soaring, providing jobs for immigrants. Gap between rich and poor gets bigger. |
| 1890 | Frontier is officially closed. |
| Technological Advances | X-rays Atoms (Discovery) 1840/1860-3 weeks to 2 days to get from Chicago to New York Standardized Time Zones Camera (1888-Eastman (Kodak)) |
| Upton Sinclair | Writes The Jungle (Underlined) in 1906 Exploits meat companies |
| Spanish-American War | Easy victory |
| People believe you could apply science to every aspect to life. | Leads to utopia Science creates these novels |
| Mark Twain | A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (Underlined) - Anti-utopian novel Connecticut Yankee goes back in time to King Arthur. Has all this technology and teaches them. At end, maybe technology isn't so great. |
| Charles Darwin | Origin of Species (Underlined) - 1859 Descent of Man (Underlined) - 1871 Both had HUGE impact His theories led to naturalism. |
| Zola | Influential writer. "Determinism governs everything." You're heredity and environment determines all about you. Go from realism to naturalism. Here's what happened to why things happen. Very few writers are all naturalistic. |
| Maggie: A Girl of the Streets | (Underlined) Stephen Crane 1893 Self-Published Considered first American Naturalistic Novel William Howell gets copy and likes it. |
| Red Badge of Courage | (Underlined) Stephen Crane 1895 Brings him great fame. Crane writes generally sad novels. |
| "The Open Boat" 1 | (Quoted) Stephen Crane Great example of naturalism Pathetic Fallacy Nature is neutral, aloof, not meaningful. Guys are searching for meaning in a meaningless universe. Human life is meaningful only to the individual. Subtle Brotherhood |
| "The Open Boat" cont... 2 | Feels sorry for soldiers in poem. Can't look up for fear of waves. Billy - Oiler (Only one with name) Boat - Size of bronco Ocean is life or death for them Tries to be positive - They'll make it out somehow. Correspondent - Can't see lighthouse othe |
| "The Open Boat" cont... 3 | Have no reason to be happy, but are Rows so they don't die Needing strength - Foreshadowing. Billie runs out Cigars - 4 were soaked, 4 weren't No one sees them, although they think they do You want to live, so you will (Pathetic Fallacy) |
| "The Open Boat" cont... 4 | Oiler - Only reasons others make it Nothings fair - worked hard "Comrade" - Poem, brotherhood, can relate now |
| Subjective | Personal and Emotional Perspective |
| Objective | Facts and facts and facts. Only meaning is what you give. |
| Assembly Lines | Big deal New Good - Increased productivity and profits. Cuts work day 9 to 8 hours. Bad - Removes workers from connection to complete product. Workers are more expendable. |
| Panama Canal | Saves time |
| World War I | Technology creates devastating amounts of mass destruction Dark side to technology |
| Ernest Hemingway | Lost Generation (postwar) Just kind of drift Life is meaningless and fearful What can I do for myself? Now what can I do for others? 1899-1961 Major dominate writer Hunting, boxing, goes to war Part of Ambulance Crew in WWI Injured (shot in kne |
| After War | Beginning of modernism Ezra Pound - "Make it new." Little or no punctuation. World is no longer unified |
| Freud | Interpretation of Dreams (Underlined) 1900 Outline of Psychoanalysis (Underlined) 1938 The dominate psycho theorist Theories proven wrong, but still work |
| As I Lay Dying | (Underlined) William Faulkner 15 different characters narrating chapters (1st person) Different views on situation More outlines of diverse backgrounds Females, races, ethnics, religious |
| Ernest Hemingway | 1899-1961 Major dominate writer Hunting, boxing, goes to war Part of Ambulance Crew in WWI Injured (shot in knee) "Grace under pressure." Shoots himself |
| Ernest Hemingway Cont. | "Grace under pressure." Shoots himself |
| "In Another Country" ... 1 | Ernest Hemingway Russia Picture He should be at war, but too injured Emotional/Psychological changes in men Excitement about technology Prewar Reality vs. Seeming - No calf muscle, but able to play football again? Major knows it's not true. |
| "In Another Country" ... 2 | Major- Greatest fencer in Italy, hand issue, dealing w/ it. Man shot in face - hadn't been in war for an hour. Never be the same Brotherhood Medals represent something false Others had them for very different reason (Italian). Friends, not FRIENDS. |
| "In Another Country" ... 3 | People who don't know him, think he's brave, coldhearted killer. Major - Mentor figure Where did pictures come from? - Reality vs. Seeming Probably fake Looking out window (Maj.) Symbolic of reality |
| Katherine Anne Porter | Didn't publish anything until 30 Ship of Fools (Underlined) - 1960 Evil is always done with collusion of good = Theme USES STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall" |
| "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall"... 1 | (Quoted) Katherine Anne Porter Granny Weatherall - Humour (Old, gone through so much, "Weathered") Wants everything done before death Modern Fiction - Weather is symbolic, Fog = unclear mind Left by George Married John Doesn't say George jetted her |
| "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall"...2 | Really bothers her, though Has the time she needs before die Needs to get rid of letters from John, George, and her Thought she would have had time Dreams make perfect sense until you wake up Thinks she will see Hapsy when dead Doesn't |
| "The Jilting of Granny Weatherall"...3 | Waiting for God to take her away He doesn't show Takes herself Thinking back on life - husband, house, kids Is that it? Too late to start over |
| William Faulkner | 1897-1962 Make stories take place in his own place - Yoknapatawpha 1949 - Wins Nobel Prize in literature |
| "A Rose for Emily"...1 | (Quoted) William Faulkner Reminds us of Great Expectations and Annabel Lee Full of patterns - This happens, this happened before, after, middle (Jumps around) People in town don't ask a lot of questions - Father ran town, had money and power |
| "A Rose for Emily"...2 | Emily didn't have to pay taxes b/c dad How town used to be vs. how it is now Theme- Old South vs New South Emily and Father = Old South No longer giving paint lessons Foreshadowing No numbers on house - symbolic of house being our of step |
| "A Rose for Emily"...3 | Tobe - Servant, not slave. Stays until very end. Had to have known about dead Homer (Old South, Keep mouth shut, she's rich I'm poor) Emily kills Homer, buy lays by him (Love is contradictory) It was the best time of her life so she preserves it. |
| "A Rose for Emily"...4 | If I can't have you, no one can Some think Homer left her Emily goes from being an idol (nonhuman) to being felt sorry for Symbolism of doors and windows - doors at Homes room locked, Dad had whip and Emily behind him in doorway when boys came. |
| "A Rose for Emily"...5 | Emily framed by window (idol) Smell = snake or rat = Red Herring = False Clue Smell went away Crayon portrait of dad - Still have influence over Emily's life Rose is only mentioned once - Roe curtains faded, rose light faded - rose colored glasses |
| "A Rose for Emily"...6 | Faulkner tries to humanize Emily, like Hawthorne to Hester in Scarlet Letter The Cousins - Try to stop Emily from marrying Homer, beneath Emily Homer is Northern which cousins hate Town is happy for marriage - New South isn't as strict |
| "A Rose for Emily"...7 | Emily gets uglier with age to the point of hideous Emily marries someone more like New South Kind of hinted that Emily got the clothes for when they got married, but Homer wasn't the marrying type so she killed him with arsenic (rats) |
Created by:
KiraNicole
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