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biology 2 notes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a very small, simple cell that lacks a nuceus | prokaryotic cell |
| how many years ago was the prokaryotic cell evolved | 3.5 billion years ago |
| what does the prokaryotic cell have none of | membrane bound organelle |
| what is a subcellular part that has a special cellular function | organelle |
| in the prokaryotic cell the ___ is a single, circular molecule that is not enclosed ina membrane bound compartment | DNA |
| True or False: The prokaryotic cell has adapted to almost every environment on Earth; including extremely acidity, temperature, and salt content | True |
| what is the only example of a prokaryotic cell | bacteria |
| what is a large, complex cell that contains a membrane-bound compartment called a nucleus | eukaryotic cells |
| when did the eukaryotic cell evolve | 1.5 billion years ago |
| the eukaryotic cell contains what 2 things that the prokaryotic cell doesn't | Nucleus, membrane bound organelles |
| in the eukaryotic cell contains its DNA with ___ in its _____ | chromosomes, nucleus |
| True or False: Eukaryotic cells have restrictions as to the environment they may survive in | true |
| What are some examples of eukaryotic cells | all cells except bacteria. (animal, protists, fungi, plants) |
| All cells have ______, ______ and _____ | cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosome |
| True or False: evidence supports the hypothesis that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cell | true |
| what is the basic unit of life | the cell |
| All living organisms are composed of ____ | cells |
| what is the barrier which regulates what enters and leaves the cell | Cell membrane |
| the cell membrane separates the ----- of the cell from the ----- environment | contents, outside |
| what is the condition or tendency to maintain stability internally as changes occur in the environment outside the cell and it is vital to the survival of the cell | homeostasis |
| The cell membrane is _____ _____, which means it generally regulates which substances pass in and out of the cell | Selectively permeable |
| what passes into a cell | food nutrients and oxygen |
| what passes out of a cell | waste and carbon dioxide |
| the cell membrane helps the cell maintain homeostasis TorF | True |
| the cell membrane s composed of a _____ ___ with several protein molecules embedded in its inner and outer phospholipid layer | lipid bilayer |
| what is the double layer of phospholipids making up the cell membrane | lipis bilayer |
| what are moleculesmade of fatty acid chains joined to phosphorus | phospholipids |
| what are nutrient substances found in every living cell needed for cell growth adn repair | proteins |
| the cell membrane consists of ___ molecular layers | 3 |
| what are the 3 molecular layers of the cell membrane | outer lipid, middle protein, inner lipid |
| what cell membrane molecular layer allows fat-soluble molecules to pass through | outer lipid |
| what cell membrane molecular layer are proteins scattered between lipid layers and gives the membrane elasiticity | middle protein |
| what cell membrane molecular layer helps passage of all molecules | inner lipid |
| what is the control center of the cell | nucleus |
| the nucleus is usually _____, made of ____, ____, and ______ ______ | spherical, proteins, enzymes, adn hereditary material |
| the Nucleus directs activities like _____ | reproduction |
| what are clongated structures containing DNA and that pass traits of the cell to new cell | chromosomes |
| what are made of strands of DNA and make up a chromosome? | chromatid |
| what holds a pari of chromatids together | centromere |
| Most cells contain a _____, some more than one | nucleus |
| Few eukaroytic cells contain no nucleus such as? | red blood cell |
| without a eukaryotic cell having a nucleus it will have a ____ life span and cannot ____ | limited, reproduce |
| what is the membrance that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell and that regulates the passafe of materials in and out of the nucleus | nuclear membrane |
| Nucleus has its own _____ different from the rest of the cell | environmetn |
| what is the fluid substance surrounding the nucleus | nucleoplasm |
| what is the body within the nucleus made of RNA and Proteins | nucleolus |
Created by:
kittybroad