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Archy 105
winter quarter
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| epistemology | how we know what we know |
| paradigm | scientific worldview or conceptual framework |
| paleoanthropological and archaeological sites | places where physical evidence of a past human presence can be recovered |
| physical evidence | skeletal remains, artifacts, ecofacts |
| artifacts | objects made and used by past peoples |
| ecofacts | environmental elements that exhibit traces of human use or activity |
| taphonomy | the study of how paleontological remains ended up in a particular place |
| features | the clusters of archaeological material which includes artifacts and ecofacts |
| primary refuse | the items used and deposited together are left exactly where they fell by ancient people |
| secondary refuse accumulations | places where members of a community collectively disposed of their trash |
| pumice | volcanic ashysnow |
| pyroclastic | 火山碎屑物 |
| pedestrian survey | walking over the naturally exposed layers systematically |
| test pits | 探坑 |
| remote－sensing | 遥感 |
| associations | 文物之间的联系 |
| cache | a hidden store of things such as weapons |
| trace element analysis | a process to figure out the sources of raw materials |
| neutron activation analysis | 中子活化分析 |
| X-ray fluorescence | X射线荧光性 |
| NAA | neutron activation analysis |
| experimental replication | the process of attempting to authentically re-create ancient artifacts |
| morphology | the form--what it looked like |
| wear patterns | how clothes are made |
| osteological comparative collections | bone libraries in archaeology labs |
| faunal assemblage | 动物集合 |
| sexual dimorphism | two distinct forms on the basis of sex |
| osteological developmental stages | changes in animal bones as they grow and mature |
| artificial selection | a process to domesticate to wild animals |
| coprolites | ancient animals' poop |
| palynology | palynology provides a vital, direct link to the plant communities that characterized given places and times. because the fact that: the pollen produced by each species is unique and distinguishable from the pollen produced by other kinds of plants |
| pollen rain | the percentages of the pollen of different plant species that rains down in the spring body |
| carbon isotopes | 碳同位素 |
| photosynthesis pathway | include C3 pathway and C4 pathway |
| C3 pathway | C3 pathway plants, the trees, select against 13C during photosynthesis |
| C4 pathway | C4 pathway plants, most grasses and sedges, do not select against 13C during photosynthesis, thus they have higher concentration of 13C |
| carbon isotope analysis | 碳同位素分析 |
| phytoliths | 植物化石 |
| oxygen isotopes | 氧同位素 |
| foraminifera | 有孔虫 |
| lumpers | paleoanthropologists who do not like to name new species |
| splitters | paleoanthropologists who like to name new species |
| deciduous dentition | the baby teeth |
| epiphyseal fusion | the three parts of a long bone: the shaft (diaphysis) and end caps fuse to one another during growth |
| cranial sutures | the places where the different cranial plates fuse through time 颅侧骨缝 |
| pubic symphysis | the region where the pubic bones come together 阴部联合 |
| strontium | 锶 Sr －－trace element |
| pathology | 病理学 |
Created by:
tt090