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Question

The goals of psychology are to explain, describe, predict, and control behavior.
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There are as many different approaches to psychology as there are psychologists writing about psychology.
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QuestionAnswer
The goals of psychology are to explain, describe, predict, and control behavior. TRUE
There are as many different approaches to psychology as there are psychologists writing about psychology. FALSE
Techniques like free association and dream interpretation are products of the psychoanalytical approach to psychology. TRUE
Abraham Maslow wanted humanistic psychology to be a new way of perceiving and thinking about the individual's capacity, freedom, and potential for growth. TRUE
It is best to pick one of the general approaches to psychology and organize your thinking and work around it exclusively. FALSE
There has been ethnic discrimination in psychology, but at least women have always been equally represented. FALSE
Modern scientific psychology began with Wilhelm Wundt's attempt to accurately measure the conscious elements of the mind. TRUE
The key idea of behaviorism is that perception is more than just the sum of its parts. FALSE
Not only do you have several career choices in psychology-- whichever one you choose, you are almost certain to make big bucks! FALSE
There is no special program for overcoming procrastination: just get off your duff and get to work. FALSE
A threshold is a point above which we are aware of a stimulus. TRUE
A psysiologist calls it "sensation" and a psychologist calls it "perception," but they are both talking about the same thing. FALSE
The brain follows a number of perceptual rules to make sense out of the mass of visual stimuli it receives. TRUE
If it were not for perceptual constancies, the world would seem ever-changing and chaotic. TRUE
In the Muller-Lyer illusion, one boy looks like a giant and the other like a midget. FALSE
Illusions are interesting because they remind us that perception is an active process. TRUE
Horses at the track, real motion; movie replay of the race, apparent motion. TRUE
A perceptual set is a kind of stubbornness that makes subjects stick to the first answer they give even if they realize they were wrong. FALSE
Anthropologists have discovered that how you see things depends at least in part on the culture in which you were raised. TRUE
There is a large body of accepted scientific evidence that supports the existence of ESP. FALSE
Human beings are always in one of two distinct states: awake and conscious or asleep and unconscious. FALSE
One adjustment problem faced by humans is that the circadian rhythm of our biological clocks is set closer to 25 hours than to 24. TRUE
Exposure to bright light is a fast way to reset our biological clocks. TRUE
Researchers study sleep by measuring brain waves. TRUE
Once you sink into true sleep, your bodily activity remains constant until you awake in the morning. FALSE
The existence of the REM rebound effect suggests that dreaming must have some special importance to humans. TRUE
Research on sleep deprivation and performance proves that the "repair theory" of sleep is correct. FALSE
Everyone dreams. TRUE
As with everything else in his theories, Freud's explanation of dreams has a sexual twist. TRUE
The activation-synthesis theory of dreams places great importance on getting to the underlying meaning of each dream. FALSE
Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience. TRUE
Ivan Pavlov's famous explanation of learning was so persuasive that no other theory has challenged it since. FALSE
The key to Pavlov's experiment was finding a reward that would make the dog salivate. FALSE
At first, UCS -> UCR, but after the conditioning procedure, CS -> CR. TRUE
Once conditioning has taken place, generalization may cause similar stimuli to elicit the response, but discrimination should work to establish control by the specified stimuli. TRUE
The information processing theory says classical conditioning happens when a new stimulus replaces an old one through association. FALSE
Bluejays avoid eating monarch butterflies because of taste-aversion learning. TRUE
Automobile ads often include a gorgeous model in a low-cut evening gown because women typically make the decision about buying a car. FALSE
If you are like most people, the sound of the dentist's drill has become an unconditioned stimulus. FALSE
The goal of systematic desensitization is to uncondition conditioned stimuli and make them neutral again. FALSE
Classical conditioning concerns involuntary (reflex) behavior while operant conditioning concerns voluntary behavior. TRUE
The secret of successful shaping is waiting until the animal emits the desired final target behavior, then immediately applying reinforcement. FALSE
The key to successful operant conditioning is making consequences contingent on behavior. TRUE
Positive reinforcement makes behavior more likely to occur again; negative reinforcement makes it less likely to occur again. TRUE
If you want effective learning, you must use primary reinforcers instead of secondary reinforcers. FALSE
Schedules of reinforcement are payoff rules that govern different patterns of work done and payment given. TRUE
Observational learning theory showed that there is a difference between learning a behavior and performing that behavior. TRUE
The difference between observational learning and operant conditioning is that the former does not depend on external reinforcement. TRUE
A good example of observational learning was when Sultan piled up several boxes so he could reach the banana. FALSE
The great power of reinforcement extends only so far-- until it bumps into a biological restraint. TRUE
Created by: jv1594
 

 



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