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PeriodicTable&Trends
chem
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is periodic law? | In order of atomic number, properties of elements that change across, repeat themselves in the next row. |
Periodic Table Arrangement: - A (IA to VIIIA) - B (IB to VIIIB) - two rows below | A - main group (1-20) B - transitional metals Lathanides & Actinides |
What does the diagonal separate? | The diagonal line separates metallic from non-metallic elements. |
Properties of metals: | Conduct heat and electricity; Shiny in appearance; Malleable (can be easily shaped); Solid at room temperature (exception: liquid mercury) |
Properties of non-metals: | Do not conduct heat and electricity; Dull in appearance, many colours; Brittle; Liquid or gas at room temperature |
What is group IA? What are its properties? | Alkali Metals; Highly reactive - stored in oil to avoid reacting with air or moisture |
What is group IIA? What are its properties? | Alkaline earth metals; Not as highly reactive - do not need to be stored in oil |
What is group VIIA? What are its properties? | Halogen Family; Highly reactive non-metals |
What is group VIIIA? What are its properties? | Noble gas family; Most stable and least reactive elements known |
Three main periodic trends: | 1) Atomic Radius 2) Ionization Energy 3) Electronegativity |
Atomic Radius trend: | 1) Atomic sizes get larger as you move down a family - added energy level increases atomic size and radius 2) Atoms get smaller as you go across a period. - more e- in outermost level gives stronger nuclear charge, pulls inward, shrinking atom and radi |
First Ionization Energy trend: | 1) I.E. decreases down a family 2) I.E. increases across a period |
What is a cation? |