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US Constitution 2
Chapter 2 WGU
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statements about federalism is correct? | Federalism was a subject of intense debate during the drafting of the Constitution. |
| Madison's concept of "double security" was PRIMARILY intended to check which of the following? | the abuse of political power |
| Federalism is BEST described as which of the following? | division of power between the federal and state governments |
| With regard to the federal government, states generally felt which of the following? | States both enjoyed their sovereignty AND believed that the federal government had certain responsibilities toward the states. |
| Which of the following characterizes the evolution of the balance of power between state, local, and national governments? | The federal government has progressively assumed greater responsibility for domestic and economic issues. |
| Which governmental institution is PRIMARILY credited with the most recent shift in the balance of power between the state and federal governments? | the Supreme Court |
| Reset Which type of federalism is characterized by the national and state governments working independently of each other? | dual |
| Which of the following characterizes the power of the national government during the age of dual federalism? | independent of the states |
| During the age of dual federalism, the Supreme Court limited the power of the national government through its interpretation of which portion of the Constitution? | the commerce clause |
| The issue that acted as a catalyst in the shift toward cooperative federalism was PRIMARILY of what nature? | economic and financial |
| The federal government became more involved in state and local matters through which of the following measures? | helping to provide public services, assuming responsibility for stimulating the economy, creating new federal programs, and the use of grants-in-aid |
| Incentives provided by grants-in-aid act as a substitute for which of the following? Choose the best answer. | constitutional authority |
| President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal legislation did which of the following? | ushered in an era during which the powers of the federal government were protected by the Supreme Court |
| The argument against the child labor law involved which two amendments? | the Fifth and Tenth |
| According to the Tenth Amendment, powers not expressly delegated to the national government are reserved for which of the following? | the states |
| What did the Supreme Court decide in Hammer v. Dagenhart? | The Supreme Court invalidated the law. |
| What does Justice Holmes argue in his dissent? | Congress has the power to make such legislation through the exercise of its commerce clause authority. |
| The Supreme Court case in this assignment concerns | interstate commerce |
| What is the first and subsequent punishment for violating the Fair Labor Standards Act? | both a fine AND imprisonment |
| Which U.S. Supreme Court case did U.S. v. Darby overturn? | Hammer v. Dagenhart. |
| What decision was reached in U.S. v. Darby? | Fair Labor Standards Act should be upheld. |
| U.S. v. Darby was decided during which period of federalism? | cooperative federalism |
| Issues causing a shift from cooperative to coercive federalism were PRIMARILY of what nature? Choose the best answer. | social in nature |
| How did the national government ensure cooperation with its policies during the era of coercive federalism? | both through the Supreme Court's expanded interpretation of the commerce clause AND by threatening to remove funding from programs |
| According to the text, proponents of new federalism support which of the following measures? | returning power to the states |
| According to the text, the economic recession is likely to do which of the following? | to shift the balance of power back toward the federal government. |
| What issue does the U.S. v. Lopez case address? | Gun-free school zones |
| What did the United States government argue in the Lopez case when it sought to convince the Court to uphold the constitutionality of the federal law in question? | The presence of guns in schools poses a substantial threat to the educational process, Violent crime reduces the willingness of individuals to travel to areas in the country that are perceived to be unsafe. The costs of violent crime are substantialPosses |
| According to the majority opinion of the Supreme Court, what would occur if the Court accepted all of the United States government's arguments to uphold the constitutionality of this federal law? | it would be hard to find an activity by an individual that Congress could not regulate |
| General police powers are retained by | the states |
| The majority opinion of the Court states that possession of a handgun in a local school zone is | none of these options |
| We currently consider the United States to be in which of the following eras of federalism? | modern federalism |
| Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the struggle for power between the state and federal governments? | The struggle characterizes a federal system |
| According to the text, which philosophical debate PRIMARILY caused the secession of the Southern states prior to the Civil War? Choose the best answer. | state sovereignty |
| Events such as the Civil War, the Great Depression, and the 9/11 terrorist attacks have generally resulted in which of the following? | shifts in the balance of power toward the federal government |
| New governmental entities were created in the wake of which of the following crises? | the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001; Hurricane Katrina; the Great Depression; and the Civil War. |
| The national government withholding highway funding from states until they comply with national laws represents an example of which of the following? | coercive federalism |
| President Johnson, according to his 1966 statement, considered the establishment of which federal agency to be "an essential building block" for the future of the United States? | the Department of Transportation |
| Precedent set in which of the following areas could allow the federal government to preempt state activity in the regulation of net neutrality? | interstate commerce |
| Scientific and technological developments affect issues of federalism in which of the following ways? | They both provide a means for presidential creation of public works projects AND they tend to dissolve boundaries between states, counties, and towns. |
| Reagan's vision of federalism differed from most other modern presidents' visions in which of the following ways? | a federal system should limit the scope of government in order to protect civil liberties. |
| Clinton's 1998 executive order on federalism reflected ideas primarily attributed to which of the following? | Federalists. |
| In "A Time for Choosing," what does Reagan say the Founding Fathers sought to minimize? | the full power of centralized government. |
| According to President Reagan in his First Inaugural Address, the federal government | According to Reagan, the federal government has only the power granted to it by the people, has grown beyond what the people have consented to, and was created by the states. |
| In which of the following ways are the two executive orders similar in their views on federalism? (Clinton and Reagan) | the people of the states are free to make laws in areas not restricted by the Constitution. |
| In which of the following ways do the executive orders differ in their views on federalism? | ReagaN: People create gov't Clinton: Constitution does. Reagan: State Clinton: National Reagan: limit national Clinton: divide between Reagan: uses 10th amendment |
| According to the text, which of the following represents a major weakness of decentralization? | It results in highly inefficient policies. |
| According to James Madison, a tyranny of the majority could be avoided in which of the following ways? | having a diversity of views and by extending the sphere of government. |
| Which of the following would President Kennedy have to use to enforce the decision to integrate? | federal troops |
| Who decided that James Meredith could register for classes at the University of Mississippi? | The Supreme Court |
| Why did U.S. Attorney General Robert Kennedy and Mississippi Governor Barnett cancel their first plan to integrate the University of Mississippi? | because of the fear of rioting by white Mississippians opposed to integration. |
| Governor Barnett did NOT abide by the U.S. Supreme Court decision to integrate the University of Mississippi because he thought segregation laws were | state decisions |
| Robert Kennedy was able to enforce the deal with Governor Barnett by telling him which of the following? | President Kennedy would expose the secret telephone conversations between Governor Barnett and himself. |
| According to historians, the way President Kennedy handled this situation can be attributed to his | failure to understand the ferocity of racism in the South. |
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