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amer history final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what best describes the declaration of independence? | a list of colonists grievances against the british king |
| which of the following best describes the main message of Thomas Paine's Common Sense? | Colonists should declare independence from Britain |
| Which of the following does the Preamble of the Constitution do? | Which of the following does the Preamble of the Constitution do? |
| Which of the following does the Preamble of the Constitution do? | They boycotted and destroyed entire shipments of tea. |
| Why is the Constitution called a “living document”? | It can be amended in order to change with the times. |
| Which of these newspaper headlines best illustrates the federal system of the checks and balances? | “President Vetoes Highway Spending Bill” |
| What important issue did the Great compromise settle? | Representation in congress |
| What was the first constitution of the U.S.? | the Articles of Confederation |
| What was one effect of Shay's rebellion? | it persuaded many leaders to call for a stronger federal government |
| read the statement "Britain and the king are too far away to know what is best for the colonies" who would most likely have agreed with this statement? | a patriot |
| according to the Constitution, which of the following has the power to declare war? | congress |
| what was one argument raised by those who opposed ratification of the Constitution in 1787? | the constitution lacked a bill of rights |
| which of the following rights became established in the colony of New York as a result of the Zenger trial? | freedom of the press |
| Supporters of the new constitution in 1787 were known as what? | federalists |
| why was the battle of saratoga considered a turning point in the revolutionary war? | it brought spain and france into the war as American Allies |
| in the statement "Most of the population lived on farms, plantation agriculture dominated its economy" what area of the country do these describe? | the south |
| The Kansas-Nebraska Act gave the people of those territories the right to decide the slavery question by voting. This solution to the slavery debate was known as | popular sovereignty |
| What did tenant farming and sharecropping have in common during Reconstruction? | they both drove freedmen into a life of debt peonage |
| What did the 13th Amendment do? | outlawed slavery in the U.S. |
| What was the immediate effect of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863? | The war became a crusade against slavery for the Union |
| What was the intent of the Union strategy known as the Anaconda Plan? | to surround the Confederacy and squeeze it to death |
| What was the main goal of abolitionists? | to end the institution of slavery |
| Which brought an end to Reconstruction? | the compromise of 1877 |
| Which of the following statements best describes the 54th Massachusetts Regiment? | it helped black soldiers win acceptance into the Union army |
| Which of the following was not a provision of the Missouri Compromise of 1820? | An agreement to allow slavery in Oregon Territory |
| Which of these changes was not a direct result of industrialization | increased dependence on slave labor |
| Which of these newspaper headlines best summarizes what happened at Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861 | “Federal fort is fired upon, Sending Country into War” |
| Which of these statements about the general experiance of soldiers in the Civil War is true? | Soldiers were more likely to die from disease than from being killed on the batllefield |
| Which of these statements describes a key difference between the Federalist and Democratic- Republicans? | The Federalists favored a strong central government w/ power to control the states; the Democratic- Republicans did not |
| Which of these terms best describes General William T. Sherman’s burning of Atlanta and his “ March to the Sea” | total war |
| Which of these terms was used to describe Andrew Jackson’s practice of rewarding his supporters w/ government postions | spoils system |
| Which of these was one ruling of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case? | African Americans are not U.S. citizens |
| Why was the Supreme Court decision in Plessy vs. Ferguson important? | It ruled segragation constituition as long as it was seperate but equal |
| Why did cowboys drive their cattle north from Texas along Chrisholm Trail? | To ship their cattle to markets in castern cities like chicago. |
| The national grange was an organization made up mainly of? | frustrated farmers |
| Which of the following was an important pull factor that drew European immigrants to the US after the Civil War? | availability of farmland |
| According to gold standard, every US paper dollar in circulation had to be backed by? | a dollars worth of gold |
| In 1887, Dawes Act Indian tribes? | could no longer own reservation lands as a community |
| Which vaquero traditions influenced cowboy customs? | pointed toe boots, rode horses, and wide brimmed hats |
| The federal government confined western tribes on reservations, or | Land reserved for Indian tribes |
| Which of the following BEST describes a negative aspect of the industrialization? | work in factories was repetitive and often dangerous. |
| Which of the following BEST describes a laissez-faire economic policy? | the government should leave business alone. |
| A business organized as a corporation is owned by its | stockholders |
| Which term BEST describes a company that completely dominates a particular industry? | monopoly |
| Which of these technologies did Henry Ford use to mass-produce automobiles? | assembly line |
| Capitalism is an economic system in which | individuals own the means of production. |
| The process developed by Henry Bessemer allowed for | faster and cheaper production of steel. |
| Investors can invest in a ______ as a way of sharing in the profits of a business, without being responsible for the companies total debt | corporation |
| Corporate expansion during the Gilded Age generally happened in one of two ways. In______ a firm joined together as many companies in the same industry as possible and in ______ a firm joined together companies in every step of production process. | horizontal integration; vertical integration |
| By 1882, Standard Oil controlled nearly 90% of the nations oil production, creating a | monopoly. |
| Of the factors of production, ______ was the hardest to find. | capital |
| In 1890, Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust Act which | outlawed trusts, monopolies, and other forms of business that restricted trade. |
| Which phrase BEST summarizes Social Darwinism? | Survival of the Fittest |
| Define philanthropist: | A person who donates money to a worthy cause. |
| Were Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Vanderbilt Robber Barons or Captains of Industry? | They dominated in oil, steel, and railroad trails. (Robber Barons: someone who acquires a fortune by ruthless means) |
| Was the rise of industry good for the United States? | Was both good and bad for the United States; good for the industrialists, but bad for factory workers. |
| What Pullman strike, Haymarket Affair, and Homestead Strike have in common? | they were marked by violence |
| Which of the following is generally NOT considered one of the “bread and butter” objectives of labor unions? | cheaper housing |
| which of these is a weapon used by labor unions when negotiations with business owners failed? | a strike |
| who headed the American Railway Union and led the fight against management and during the Pullman Strike? | court injunction |
| the working class included all of the following except | business owners |
| labor organizations used several techniques to improve worker conditions including? | collective bargaining |
| The American Federation of Labor (AFL) had a membership that included? | only skilled workers in a particular trade |
| the run-down apartment buildings factory workers lived in were also known as? | tenements |
| workers in cramped, unventilated sweatshops were at constant risk of? | fire, disease, injury |
| anarchists reject all forms of | governemnt |
| one of the most violent years in the early struggles between the unions and owners was? | 1877 |
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