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Chap 19 Vocab

Mod World History - Dennis

QuestionAnswer
Brasilia New capital city of Brazil built by Juscelino Kubitschek. This caused the nation's foreign debt to soar, and inflation to rise.
Juan Peron Won the presidency of Argentina in 1946, and then established a dictatorship that was opposed by the military and the Catholic Church.
Nelson Mandela Leader of the African National Congress who was jailed for his opposition to apartheid in South Africa. He was later elected the President of South Africa in 1994.
Mikhail Gorbachev Elected the General Secretary of the Soviet Union in 1982. He led reforms in the economy, social issues, the military and the government.
Boris Yeltsin He became the Russian Republic's first elected President in 1991. He opposed Communist hardliners in their attempted overthrow of the Gorbachev government, and adopted a shift to free-market economics, lowering trade barriers, removing price controls, and
Lech Walesa Leader of the Solidarity movement in Poland that resulted in confrontations with the Communist government, and eventually free elections in 1989 and 1990. He was elected President of Poland.
Zhou Enlai The premier of the People's Republic of China who ended China's isolation policy, and with President Richard Nixon improved Chinese-American relations in the early 1970s.
Deng Xiaoping The ruler of Communist China who supported moderate economic policies, used capitalist ideas, and embraced the Four Modernizations.
Hong Kong Transferred from British colonel rule on July 1, 1997 to rule by Communist China. China promised to respect Hong Kong's economic system, and political liberties for 50 years.
Land Reform A redistribution of farmland by breaking up large estates and giving the resulting smaller farms to peasants.
Standard of Living The quality of life of a person or a population, as indicated by the goods, services, and luxuries available to the person or people.
Recession A slowdown in a nation's economy.
PRI
Federal System A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and a number of individual states.
Martial Law A temporary rule by military authorites over a civillian population, usually imposed in times of war or civil unrest.
Solidarity A Polish labor union that during the 1980s became the main force of opposition to Communist rule in Poland.
Reunification A bringing together again of things that have been separated, like the reuniting of East Germany and West Germany in 1990.
Ethnic Cleansing A policy of murder and other acts of brutality by which Serbs hoped to eliminate Bosnia's Muslim population after the breakup of Yugoslavia.
Four Modernizations A set of goals adopted by the Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in the late 20th century, involving progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology.
Tiananmen Square A huge public space in Beiging, China. In 1989, the isite of a student uprising in support of democratic reforms.
Dissident An opponent of a government's policies or actions.
Apartheid A south African policy legal separation of th eraces, including the banning of all social contacts between blacks and whites.
Politburo The ruling committee of the Communist party in the Soviet Union.
Glasnost A Soviet policy of openness to the free flow of ideas and information; introduced in 1985 by Mikhail Gorbachev.
Perestroika A restructuring of the Soviet economy to permit more local decision making, begun my Mikhail Gorbachev in 1985.
CIS The commonwealth of Independent States- A loose association of former Soviet republics that was formed after the breakup of the Soviet Union.
Shock Therapy An economic program implemented in Russia by Boris Yeltsin in the 1990s, involving an abrupt shift from a command economy to a free-market economy.
Created by: remurray23
 

 



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