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World History
the Renaissance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| list three of the themes artists like Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael demonstrated through their work | a curiosity about the world, classical culture, and a belief in human potential |
| by the late 1400's where had Renaissance ideas spread? | It had spread to northern europe- especially england, france, germany, and flanders |
| how was italy politically organized compared to france and england? how did countries like france support the renaissance? | italy was divided into city-states and france and england were monarchs. france supported the renaissance by telling old artists to retire in france, and hiring artists and architects to build something |
| describe how the renaissance ideas spreading out of italy "developed their own character" once they reached the north. what caused many artists to move to northern europe? | they brought the styles and techniques of the italian renaissance, because of the war dragging on, many italian artists and writers left for a safer life |
| what types of themes did german artsist albrecht durer depict in his art? | he portrayed religious subjects, classical myths, and realistic landscapes |
| the first great flemish renaissance painter, jan van eyck used _____ paints ______________________ | oil-based; to develop technique and a variety of subtle colors |
| explain how the written work of desiderius erasmus was considered christian humanist. what were his beliefs on christianity? | he believed in a christianity at heart; not ceremonies and rules. he thought in order ot improve society all people should study the bible. |
| describe what thomas more's book utopia was about | it is about an imaginary land where greed, corruption and war have been weeded out |
| one of the greatest english playwrights who lived in england during the renaissance was ________ | william shakespeare |
| the renaissance period in england is also called the _____ age | elizabethan |
| describe chinese technology that would influence europe. what did johann gutenberg invent? | block printing. he invented a printing press that produced books quickly and cheaply |
| explain how the printing press had a "revolutionary impact" on european society. how did it help lead to religious reform? | it produced many religious works. he created a complete bible which was the first full-sized book printed with movable type |
| what does renaissance mean and where did it originate? when? | it means rebirth of art, it originated in northern italy around 1300 |
| name the three advantages italy had which fostered the renaissance. why had northern europe lagged behind italy? | overseas trade helped growth of cities, and individual achievement became an important theme |
| explain why merchants became so powerful during the renaissance. | they believed they deserved power and wealth because of their individual merit. individual achieveement became an improtant theme |
| wwho was the medici family? how did they contribute to the renaissance? | they were the rulers of florence, they made a fprtune in trade and banking |
| where did renaissance scholars and artists look to for their inspiration? | they looked at the ruins of romethat surrounded them |
| what is humanism? what types of subjects were popularized by humanists and are referred to as the hjumanities? | the study of classical texsts, human potential and achievements they enjoyed many luxuries |
| explain the relationship which existed between the renaissance and religion | they wanted to enjoy a life without affecting god |
| what does it mean to be a patron of the arts | it means you are a supporter of the arts |
| what does renaissance man refer to? explain if u think that being a renaissance man is valued by today's society | it refers to a man who excelled in many fidds as a universal man i believe it is still valued by famous people. |
| what did renaissance artists like michelangelo, donatelloand leanardo davinci focuson in their works? | the focued on drawing citizens, they glorified the human body, personality, facial expressions |
| what was niccolo machievalli's book the prince about? | it examines ow a ruler can gain power and keep itin spite ofhis enemies |
| RENAISSANCE ART: 1 uses ____, 2 uses ___, subjects can be ____ or not, realistic, ___ and partially clothed, fully developed ____ | perspective, light, nude, backgrounds |
| the renaissance begins when Cosimo de medici and his friends search europe for ___. simply reading pagan authors like socratesand plato was punishable by excommunication from the church | manuscripts |
| popes could excommunicate christians guilty of ____ awhich was believing anything other than what thechurch preached | heresy |
| ____ who built the dome of the florence cathedral was both architect and engineer | brunelleschi |
| brunelleschi used __ as supports for first time in 1000 years creating a revolution in architecture | arches |
| florentines came to watch the construction of the dome. one of the things that amazed them was brunelleschi's use of the classical orders of ___, which hadn't been used since the fall of rome | columns |
| although brunelleschi examined the construction of the dome of the roman pantheon, he couldn't use the same techniques because of the size of the dome, and because the recipe for making _____ had been lost | concrete |
| brunelleschi also devised a way to alter the ______ on the pulleys to the oxen could pull the 1700pound sandstone beams 250 feet into the air and return them to the ground without changing direction | gears |
| brunelleschi personally lay some of the ____ on the dome because what he proposed was so revolutionary that the brick masons were afraid the techinique would fail and they would die | bricks |
| cosimo's patronage of brunelleschi helped the medici family gain _________ | power and prestige |
| the ___ banking family, who resented the power of the medici had ___ arrested | albizzi, cosimo |
| brunelleschi was jailed and forced to stop work on il duomo when his patron was found guilty of treason against _____- | florence |
| cosimo escaped from the tower that was his prison by _____ the guard | bribing |
| when cosimo was finally asked to return ot florence, he had even more power and prestige. the medici banks became the most important banks in europe as they collected money for the ______ | commercial activity |
| cosimo de medici's patronage of baldesari cossa paid off when cossa became pope _____ | john XXII |
| marcello fantoni: patronage is great for the production of art but totally irrational from an economic view. ____ is a political strategy.. high political competition | heresy |
| florence was proud to be the only _____ in europe; but the government was often corrupt | republic |
| seventy percent of all renaissance ____ lived and worked in florence | artistsw |
| brunelleschi also invented linear _____. according to jeremy brotton this invention changed the way we see creating a modern way of lookingat the world | perspective |
| the bronze sculpture of david by ____ was the first free-standing statue created since ancient rome | donatello |
| once il duomo was finished, cosimo organized the ______ of florence which brought people from all over the world to his city; included where scholars who knew and could translate the ancient greek texts that cosimo and his friends had been searching for | general council |
| when cosimo died in 1464 the florentines declared him ______ father of the fatherland | pater patriae |
| the renaissance is the rebirth of ____ and ____ period or cultural event 1300-1600AD | cultural, intellectual |
| Italy- large cities ____ and ____ | venice and florence |
| dependent on ____ urban occupations | commerce |
| public ____- | schools |
| towns are ____ ___ | politically independent |
| political and religious reasons: popes and emperors were distracted by the _____ _____ to single authority in charge | great schism |
| economic reasons: northern italy is an __________ betweenthe east and west | intermediary |
| _________- merchant aristocracies | oligarchies |
| ______- 40,000 people 600 rule. | florence |
| _______- 84,000 people 200 rule. | venice |
| black plague kills ____ population | 1/3 |
| peasants demanded more ____- | freedom |
| reduce power of _____ _____ | feudal lords |
| which class moved to the city to earn better wages? | working class |
| rebirth: arts, ________ culture, _____ patrons, artists, the ____ gave money to artists to draw, paint, etc. | greek/roman, medici |
| ____ and ____ industry | wool, silk |
| sold luxury from ____ | east |
| sold _____ to seatraders | insurance |
| banks made ____ and exchanged currency | loans |
| created wealthy ________ independence, | middleclass |
| _____ helped gain financial opportunities | banking |
| supports of arts change focus to ______ | status/beauty |
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