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Chapter 16
psych 105
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atypical Antipsychotics | Newer antipsychotic drugs, which do not create tardive dyskinesia |
| Barbiturates | A class of anxiety-reducing sedative that can be addictive and carry a risk of overdose |
| Behavior Therapies | Therapies that apply the principles of classical and operant conditioning in the treatment of psychological disorders |
| Benzodiazepines | A class of anxiety-reducing drugs that can be addictive, but are less dangerous than barbiturates |
| Bupropione | A widely used antidepressant that inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine |
| Catharsis | The process of releasing intense, often unconscious, emotions in a therapeutic setting |
| Client-Centered Therapy | A form of humanistic therapy in which the therapist shows unconditional positive regard for the patient |
| Cognitive-Therapy | Any type of psychotherapy that works to restructure irrational thought patterns |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy | An approach to treating psychological disorders that combines techniques for restructuring irrational thoughts with operant and classical conditioning techniques to shape desirable behaviors |
| Defense Mechanisms | Unconscious strategies the mind uses to protect itself from anxiety by denying and distorting reality in some way |
| Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) | Treatment that integrates elements of CBT with exercises aimed at developing mindfulness without meditation and is used to treat borderline personality disorders |
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | Treatment of last resort for severe depression that involves passing an electrical current through a persons brain in order to induce a seizure |
| Evidence-Based Therapies | Treatment choices based on empirical evidence that they produce the desired outcome |
| Flooding | An extreme form of in vivo exposure in which the client experiences extreme exposure to the phobic object |
| Free Association | A psychotherapeutic technique in which the client takes one imagine or idea from a dream and says whatever comes to mind, regardless of how threatening, disgusting, or troubling it may be |
| Group Therapy | Therapeutic settings in which several people who share a common problem all meet regularly with a therapist to help themselves and one another |
| Integrative Therapy | An electric approach in which the therapist draws on different treatment approaches and uses those that seem most appropriate for the situation |
| Lithium | A salt that is prescribed for its ability to stabilize the mania associated with bipolar disorder |
| Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) | An approach that combines elements of CBT with mindfulness meditation to help people with depression learn to recognize and restructure negative thought patterns |
| Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors | Class of drugs used to treat depression; they slow the breakdown of monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain |
| Phenothiazines | Drugs used to treat schizophrenia; help diminish hallucinations, confusion, agitation, and paranoia, but also have adverse side effects |
| Prefrontal Lobotomy | A form of psychosurgery in which the connections between the prefrontal cortex and the lower portion of the brain are severed; no longer in use |
| Psychodynamic Psychotherapy | Therapy aimed at uncovering unconscious motives that underlie psychological problems |
| Psychotherapy | The use of psychological techniques to modify maladaptive behaviors or thought patterns, or both, and to help patients develop insight into their own behavior |
| Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation | Treatment for severe depression involving exposure of specific brain structures to bursts of high-intensity magnetic fields instead of electricity |
| Repression | The unconscious act of keeping threatening thoughts, feelings, or impulses out of consciousness |
| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) | Drugs prescribed primarily for depression and some anxiety disorders that work by making more serotonin available in the synapse |
| Support Groups | Meetings of people who share a common situation, be it a disorder, a disease, or coping with an ill family member |
| Systematic Desensitization | A behavioral therapy technique, often used for phobias, in which the therapist pairs relaxation with gradual exposure to a phobic object, generating a hierarchy of increasing contact with the feared object |
| Tardive Dyskinesia | Repetitive, involuntary movements of jaw, tongue, face, and mouth resulting from the extended use of traditional antipsychotic drugs |
| Token Economies | A behavioral technique in which desirable behaviors are reinforced with a token, such as a small chip or fake coin, which can be exchanged for privileges |
| Traditional Antipsychotics | Historically, the first medications used to manage psychotic symptoms |
| Transference | Process in psychotherapy in which the client reacts to a person in a present relationship as thought that person were someone from the clients fast |
| Tricyclic Antidepressants | Drugs used for treating depression as well as in chronic pain management and in the treatment of ADHD |
| Unconditional Positive Regard | Acceptance of another person regardless of his or her behavior |
Created by:
scottmonk