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Ionic & Metallic Bon
Chem
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ○ Are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom. | - Valence Electrons |
| Valence Electrons there total # in a group A element is equal to the ______ | group # (Helium is an exception) |
| Valence Electrons determined the _______ of an element. | chemical properties |
| - Electron Dot Structures are diagrams that show valence electrons a ____ | dot |
| All elements within a group have the same # of | valence electrons |
| ○ Energy level that contains valence electrons | - Valence Shell |
| ○ Most important energy level | - Valence Shell |
| ○ Outermost energy level that contains electrons | - Valence Shell |
| ○ In forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas, which (excepts for He) has 8 electrons in its highest energy level. | - Octet Rule |
| - Group A tend to _____ valence electrons | lost |
| Group A produce a _______ which has a complete octet in the next lowest energy level. | positive ion (cation) |
| ○ Usually have the same name as their neutral atoms | - Group A metal ions |
| ○ Tend to form ions which do not have noble - gas electron configurations and are exceptions to the octet rule. | - Transition Metals |
| - Transition Metals ions have a ______ configuration | pseudo noble- gas configuration |
| transition metal ions have ____ electrons in the outer energy level and all of the orbitals are filled | 18 |
| Tend to gain electrons to produce a negative ion (anion) | - Groups 5A, 6A, and 7A nonmetals |
| - Groups 5A, 6A, and 7A nonmetals has a noble gas electron configuration which ___ valence electrons (an octet) | 8 |
| Name of the anion typically ends in | ide |
| ○ have 7 valence electrons | Halogen |
| ○ Form anoins with a -1 charge | Halogen |
| Halogen anions are called | Halide |
| what are ○ Usually are composed of metal cations and nonmetals anions | - Ionic Compounds (SALTS) |
| - Ionic Compounds (SALTS) are electronically _______ | neutral |
| ○ The total positive charge of their cations equals the total negative charge of their anions | Ionic Compounds (SALTS) |
| Ionic Compounds (SALTS) are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction called | ionic bonds |
| are often formed by means of transfer of one or more electrons from a metals to a nonmetal. | ionic bonds |
| is the smallest representative unit of a substance | chemical formula |
| Name given to the chemical formula of ionic compounds. | - Formula unit |
| T/f Formula unit is the lowest whole number ratio of ions | true |
| Have high melting points | Ionic Compounds |
| Conduct an electric current when melted or dissolved in water | Ionic Compounds |
| Are crystalline solids at room temp. | Ionic Compounds |
| The ions in these crystals are arranged in repeating __ | three-dimensional patterns |
| is the # of opposite charge that surround that ion in a crystal. | Coordination number of an ion |
| ○ Ionic compounds conduct an electric current when melted or dissolved in water because _______ are produced. | mobile ions |
| ○ The mobile ____ migrate to the neg. electrode. | cation |
| ○ The mobile ___migrate to the pos. electrode | anions |
| This ion movement allows _____to flow. | electricity |
| - Solid Metals are made up of closely packed _____rather than neutral atoms | cations |
| ○ Their valence electrons act as a sea of electrons that can move freely from one part of the metal to another | - Solid Metals |
| ○ Consist of the attraction of the free- floating valence electrons for the positively charged metal ions. | - Metallic bonds |
| ○ Explain why metals are: Good conductors of electricity | 1) Ductile 2) Malleable |
| ○ Are crystalline solids | metals |
| ○ Their cations have close- packed arrangements | metals |
| ○ Are mixtures composed of two to more elements, at least one of which is a metal § Ex: brass, bronze, steel | alloys |
| ○ Are important because their properties are often superior to the component elements. | alloys |
Created by:
lax5