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Atomic Structur
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bohr Model | electrons travel in special orbits around the nucleus; they have a fixed energy |
| Quantum Mechanical Model | electrons can be found in specific regions 90% of the time |
| Energy Level | the region of an electron around the nucleus where the electron is likely to be moving |
| Quantum of energy | amount of energy required to move electron from its present energy level to the higher one |
| Orbit | fixed path that the electron follows |
| Orbital | where the electrons can be found 90% of the time |
| Aufbau Principle | electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first |
| Pauli Exclusion Principle | no two electrons can have the same set of 4 quantum numbers; an electron orbital may describe at most two electrons |
| Hund's Rule | electrons enter orbitals singly and only double up after each possible orbital contains 1 electron |
| Electromagnetic Radiation | Radio, micro, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma |
| Visible Light | Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet |
| Wavelength units | m, cm, nm |
| Frequency units | Hz, 1/s, s^-1 |
| Speed of Light | 3.00 x 10^8 m/s |
| Atomic Emission Spectrum | pattern of frequencies; obtained by passing light emitted by atoms in the gaseous state |
| Photons | bundles of electromagnetic energy which behave as particles; also - a quantum of light |
| Photoelectric Effect | electrons are ejected by certain metals when they absorb light w/ a frequency ABOVE a threshold frequency |
| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | it is impossible to know both the velocity and the positions of a particle at the same time |
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