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Env Sci Ch 5
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Do consumers get their energy directly from the sun? | no |
| Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers? | herbivores |
| What is produced from the bodies of plants and animals that died millions of years ago? | coal, oil and natural gas |
| Is a shrub considered a pioneer species? | yes |
| What type of natural disaster helps forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood and encouraging new growth | fire |
| An organism that makes its own food? | producer |
| The process of breaking down food to yield energy. | cellular respiration |
| organisms that get their energy by eating other organims | consumer |
| the process in which plants make sugar molecules from sunlight | photosynthesis |
| A consumer that get their food by breaking down dead organisms | decomposer |
| the many feeding relationships possible in an ecosystem | food web |
| What term is used to describe a linear sequence in which energy is transferred from one organism to the next | food chain |
| Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level in a food chain | alga |
| What is the ultimate source of energy for almost all organisms except those living deep in the ocean near a thermal vent? | the sun |
| What are organisms that eat both plants and animals called? | omnivores |
| A common type of succession that occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has previously existed | secondary succession |
| the first organims to colonize any newly available area and begin the process of ecological succession | pioneer species |
| a final and stable community | climax community |
| a type of succession that occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before | primary succession |
| a type of succession that occurs on abandoned farmland | old-field succession |
| a gradual process of change and and replacment of the types of species in a community | ecological succession |
| what type of vegetation would you expect to find on newly formed volcanic islands? | lichens |
| the process in which nitrogen is cylced between the atmosphere, bacteria and other organisms | nitrogen cycle |
| the movement of phosphorus from the environment to organisms and back to the environment | phosphorus cycle |
| the process by which carbon is cycled between the atmosphere, land, water and organisms | carbon cycle |
| organisms that can transform unusable nitrogen in the atmosphere into chemical compounds containing nitrogen that can be used by other organisms | nitrogen fixing bacteria |
| breaks down decaying organisms | decomposers |
| part of the nitrogen cycle | atmospheric nitrogen |
| evidence of excessive use of fertilizer | algal bloom |
| the result of burning fossil fuels | increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide |
| what is one of the largest carbon reservoirs on earth? | limestone |
| nitrogen gas in space is not part of which cycle | nitrogen cycle |
| what type of succession occurs after a natural process such as a volcanic eruption or flood | secondary succesion |
| Which kind of organism obtain energy ONLY from the producers | herbivores |
| What gas makes up 78 percent of our atmosphere | nitrogen |
| What type of disaster helps clear away deadwood and encourage new growth | fires |
| where would an ecologist be least likely to go to study primary succession | Amazon rain forest |
| What organism is likely to be at the bottom trophic level of a food chain | algae |
| what term is used to refer to the many feeding relationships that are possible in an ecosystem | food web |
Created by:
bcalvert