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Honors Chem Ch 13/14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Colloid | A mixture in which the solute particles are so small that they do not settle out and cannot be filtered out but they can be seen using a beam of light. |
| Electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current |
| Non-electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not cunduct an electric current |
| Soluble | Capable of being dissolved |
| Solute | The substance dissolved in a solution |
| Solution | A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase |
| Solvent | The dissolving medium in a solution |
| Suspension | A mixture in which the particles in the solvent are large enough to settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated |
| Henry's Law | The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid |
| Hydration | A solution process with water as the solvent |
| Immiscible | Liquid solutes and solvents that are not soluble in each other |
| Miscible | Liquid solutes and solvents that are able to dissolve freely in one another in any proportion |
| Saturated Solution | A solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute |
| Solubility | The amount of a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specifid temperature |
| Supersaturated Solution | A solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions |
| Unsaturated Solution | A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under the existing conditions |
| Concentration | A measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution |
| Molarity | A way of measuring concentration by calculating the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution |
| Dissociation | The separation of ions that occurs when an ionic compound dissolves |
| Hydronium Ion | The H30+ ion |
| Ionization | The energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element |
| Net Ionic Equation | An equation that includes only those compounds and ions that undergo a chemical change in a reaction in an aqueous solution |
| Spectator Ions | An ion that does not take part in a chemical reaction and is found in solution both before and after the reaction |
| Strong Electrolyte | Any compound of which all or almost all of the dissolved compound exists as ions in aqueous solution |
| Weak Electrolyte | A compound of which a relatively small amount of the dissolved compound exists as ions in an aqueous solution |
| Boiling-Point Elevation | A colligative property that is the difference between the boiling point of a pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte of that solvent, directly proportional to the concentration of the solution |
| Colligative Properties | Properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their identity |
| Freezing-Point Depression | A colligative property that is the difference between the freezing points of a pure solvent and a solution of a nonelectrolyte in that solvent; is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution |
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kost