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Honors Chem Ch 5

QuestionAnswer
actinides elements 90 to 103, placed at the bottom of the periodic table for convenience
alakali metals group 1 on the periodic table, have one valence electron
alkali earth metals group 2 on the periodic table, have two valence electrons
anion a negative ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons
atomic radius the size of an atom; atoms get larger as you go down a group and smaller as you go across a period
cation a positive ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons
electronegativity the ability of an atom in a compound to attract electrons to itself; Fluorine is the most electronegative atom
halogens group 17 on the periodic table, need one more electron to fill their valence shell
lanthanides elements 58 to 71, placed at the bottom of the periodic table for convenience
ionization energy the amount of energy required to remove an electon from an atom; it takes more energy to remove atoms that are closer to the nucleus or held tightly by more protons in the nucleus
main-group elements elements found in the main body of the periodic table, includes the s block and p block elements
noble (inert)gas column 18 on the periodic table, unreactive because they have full valence shells
the periodic law when the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, elements with similar properties appear in the same group
periodic table an arrangement of all known elements into groups and periods, arranged by increasing atomic number
transition metal metals in the center of the periodic table that have varying numbers of valence electrons
Mendeleev Chemist who put the elements on a table in order of increasing atomic mass
Mosely Chemist who rearranged the periodic table to put the elements in order of increasing atomic number
Created by: kost
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