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History Ch 19 Sec 1

Second Industrial Revolution

QuestionAnswer
What is the Bessemer Process? quick way to purify iron with hot air , invented by Henry Bessemer
What things were caused by the Bessemer Process? Increase in steel production, drop in steel prices, more railroads,
What did the increase in railroads lead to? better/faster transp service, City growth (chicago) , western growth, rise in employment,
What new invention came from the rise in railroads? Refrigerated shipping cars, fast way to transport food
What discovery was made that changed power sources forever and what did it lead to? Oil could be converted into kerosene = fuel used for cooking, lighting, heating , demand for oil goes up
Who made a discovery related to oil? Edwin L. Drake, oil can be pumped from ground
what did Edwin L. Drake's discovery lead to? Oil prospectors, called wildcatters, in Ohio, pennsylvania, west virgina + companies build refineries
Who invented the lightbulb and where? Thomas Edison, in invention factory, Menlo Park, NJ
How did Edison make a lot of money? By selling patents; exclusive rights to make/sell inventions
What early problem did Edison face and how did he solve it? Many buildings couldn't get electricity, so he built a power plant, which could provide it to NY buildings
What was his Edison's company called and what problem did it face? Who fixed the problem and how? Edison Electric, only provided power to big cities because of poor equipment, George westinghouse builds power system that sends elec over long distances.
What did electricity eventually power all over the nation? homes, buildings, factories, streetcars
Who were the competitors in the Electricty Industry? Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse
what was the earlier main way to communicate and what were the problems with this? Telegraph, only written messages could be sent + hard for people to use
What inventor fixed the telegraph problem? Alexander Graham Bell scottish inventor, patents telephone, companies race to lay phone lines
What monumental discovery did a German engineer make in 1876? gas-powered engine
What did Charles and J. frank Duryea invent in 1893? first practical motorcar, very expensive
What did Henry Ford do? Built Model T, introduced moving assembly line --> lower car prices
What did the Wright Brother do and what did it lead to? build + fly first gas-powered plane, led to even bigger demand for oil + changed way of travel
What major inventions did the introduction of oil and electricity as power sources lead to? Telephone, Cars, Lightbulb, Airplanes
What was the Second Industrial Revolution? period of rapid growth in US manufacturing, late 1800s
Created by: mhaq.16
 

 



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