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Elements

Periodic Table of Elements--Families, History, Important Figures

QuestionAnswer
What group of elements has one valence electron in each atom and has low density? Alkali Metals
Lanthanides and Actinides are part of what group? Transition Metals
What group includes Calcium, Radium, has higher densities than alkali metals, and some of its elements are used in chalk and airplanes? Alkaline-Earth Metals
What group contains Gallium, has one metalloid and four metals, and are all solid at room temperature? Boron Group
What group has one nonmetal, two metalloids, two metals, and are all solids at room temperature? Elements, such as Tin, are used in cans. Carbon Group
What group has elements used for fertilizer, reactivity varies, and has five valence electrons? Nitrogen Group
What group has six valence electrons, three nonmetals, one metalloid, and one metal? One element is also used greatly in chemical industry, and another is very abundant in the air? Oxygen Group
What group is completely nonmetal and is VERY reactive? These elements combine with metals to create salts. Halogens
This group is completely nonmetal and are unreactive. An element includes Krypton. These elements are odorless. Noble Gases
This group contains a nonmetal that is very reactive. It is a gas at room temperature and has low density. Hydrogen group
This group includes Antimony and has five valence electrons. Nitrogen Group
This group includes Beryllium and are all silver in color. They have higher densities than alkali-metals. Alkaline Earth Metals
This group includes one metalloid and four metals and has three valence electrons. Boron group
This group includes Ununquadium and are all solids at room temperature. Another element is Germanium, which is used in computer chips. Carbon Group
Sodium and Potassium are in this group. Alkali Metals
This group of elements have luster, are good conductors, and all have high melting points and densities (except for Mercury). Transition Metals
Helium is in this group, and is an exception to the number of valence electrons. All have eight except for helium, which has two. Noble Gases
This person eventually arranged the elements in order of increasing mass. Dmitri Mendeleev
This plus number of neutrons equals the atomic number. Number of Protons
Are electrons included in the atomic mass? No.
This determines an element's identity (two answers). Atomic number and Symbol.
Are isotopes related to neutrons, electrons, or protons? neutrons
In an isotope, the number of _____ need to be equal to the number of protons or more. neutrons.
An positively charged ion has more or less electrons than protons. less.
Name the four forces in an atom. gravitational, electromagnetic, strong, and weak.
The ____ force plays an important role in radioactive atoms weak
Electromagnetic forces keep ___ and ___ together. protons and electrons.
The strong force keeps particles of ___ charges together. Similar, like.
Who discovered the number of protons? What year? Henry Moseley; in 1914
Explain the Periodic Law. Periodic Law states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change PERIODICALLY with the elements' atomic numbers.
Explain the three types of elements. Metals: luster, good conductors, ductile, malleable. Nonmetals: opposite of metals; dull, brittle. Metalloids: Semi-conductors.
What are rows called? Columns? Rows: Periods. Columns: groups, families.
What do electrons rotate the nucleus on or in? Electron clouds, energy levels, shells.
Are all letters in a symbol capital? No. Only the first is.
When did the discoverer of the periodic table discover it? 1869
Where do we find the three types of elements on the periodic table? Metals: Left of zigzag Metalloids: border of zigzag Nonmetals: Right of zigzag
What changes gradually as you move from left to right? Conductivity and Reactivity.
Elements in the same group often have similar ___ and ___ properties. physical and chemical.
Why are the properties in groups similar? Same number of electrons in valence shell.
Elements will give, share, or take electrons to complete a set of electrons. What are elements such as these described as? Reactive.
Created by: draekinsong
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