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Large Intestine #4
Large Intestine, Kidneys, and Suprarenal Glands
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What quadrant does the cecum lay? | Right lower |
| What prevents vackflow fo intestinal contents from the cecum to the ileum? | A valve at teh ileocecal junction. |
| The cecum is often _________ attached to the posterior abdominal wall and lacks a _______. | NOT. Mesentery |
| What is attached to the inferior margin fo the cecum? | Vermiform appendix |
| What is the position of hte appendix? | REtrocecal- most of the time |
| What is McBurney's point? | 1/3- ASIS, 2/3 Umbilicus- approximatio for appendix |
| Teh ascending colin is _______ ______-? | 2ndarly retroperitonea |
| At teh the level fo the right love fo the liver- what structural colic landmark is present? | Right colic flexure |
| Teh ascending colon lies __________ to the _________ kidney at the level of the hepatic flexure. | Anterior. Right |
| The ______ margin of the right love of the liver is usually _________ to the hepatic flexure? | Inferior. Anterior |
| The ____ colon passes from right ot left, | Transverse |
| TEh ______ flexure is anterior to teh left ________ and _________. | LEft. kidney and spleen |
| The liver and ___ lie anterior to the right part fo the transverse colon. | gall bladder |
| The transverse colon is ______________, and attaches to the posterior wall by the ______ ________--. | Intraperitoneal. Transverse mesocolon |
| The transverse colon merges with teh underside fo the ___________? | Greater omentum |
| The ______ of the transverse mesocolon spans across the posterior abdominal wall anterior to the _______ kidney, pancres, superior mesenteric vessels, 2nd part of duodenum and right kidney. | Root. Left |
| The transverse colon has a __________, makeing it more mobile. | mesentery |
| Teh dscending colon and diagphram are atteched by teh ___________. | Phrenicocolic ligament |
| The phrenicocolic ligament holds up the ________? | Spleen |
| The descending colon passes inferiorly at the _________ flexure in a secondarily retroperitoneal posisiton. | left or splenic |
| Does the sigmoid colon have a mesentery? | yes |
| The root of the sigmoid mesocolon crosses the _____________ and __________. | left common iliac vessels . Left ureter |
| Teh colon is _________- and the upper rectum is covered in ______ but het lower is not. | Retroperitoneal. Peritoneum |
| What is longitudinal layer of sm. muscle that is drawn into 3 distinct bands. | Teniae coli |
| Where does the teniae coli converge? | At teh cecum on base of vermiform appendix |
| At the ____, the longitudinal musclar layer spreads out toe encircle the ________. | rectum. whole bowel |
| Blood supply to the colon is from what two sources? | SUuperior and inferior mesenteric arteries. |
| The superior mesenteric artery supplies? | The cecum, appendix, ascending colon, right half of transverse colon |
| TEh inferior mesenteric arter suppleis teh | Left half of transverse colon, descending colon adn sigmoid colon and upper half of rectum |
| What arter passes alon the internal bord of the colon - it proveds anastomotic supply between teh usperior and inferior mesenteric arterial supplies. | Marginial artery |
| Is veinage drain system fo the colon the same as the arterial system | Mostly |
| TEh IMV drains to teh? | Splenic vein |
| The splenic and IMV drain into the the? | portal vein |
| Branches of the ________ arteries can suppley the ascending and desceding colon | Lumbar |
| Lymph eventually drains to nodes near teh | aorta |
| After aortic nodes lymph goes to teh _______ and then _______ _______. | Cisterna chyli. Thoracic duct |
| The kidneys are ___________-. | Retroperitoneal |
| The kidneys are located at about ___ vertebral levels. | T12-L3 |
| The _______ kidney is lower than the _____. | Right kidney. Left |
| The superolateral parts of the kidney lie against teh ___________ and are deep to teh ribs ____ and _____. | Diaphragm. 11 and 12 |
| Anteriorly, teh superior pol fo the right kidney is in contact with the _____. | LIver |
| Teh right kidney is separated from the liver by the _? | Hepatorenal recess |
| Teh ______ colic flexure crosses the inferior pole of the right kidny. | right |
| TEh ______ is in close proximity to teh medial part of the right kidney. | Duodenum |
| The relations of the left kidnly are to the __- superiorly. | Spleen |
| Anteriorly the _______ is in relation to teh left kidney. | omental bursa |
| Teh _____ of the pancreas crosses through teh left kidney's ______--. | Tail. Midportion |
| Teh left colic flexure and inital segment of the descending colon are in relation to the ____ ______ of the left kidney. | inferior pole. |
| The renal medulla is made up of renal _______ separated by renal __________. | Pyramids. Columns |
| Teh rounded apex of each renal pyramid (papilla), is orented toward the renal ____. | Sinus |
| The duodenum is located near the ____ of the kidney. | Hilum |
| The ______ ______ ________ is adherent ot eh surface fot he kidney. | fibrous renal capsul |
| A layer of perirenal _____ surrounds the kidney and extends into tthe renal ____-. | Fat. sinus |
| REnal _____ encloses perirenal fat. | Fascia |
| The renal fascia is diveded inot anterior and posterior and merges superiorly with the _____ of the diaphragm. | fascia |
| The arterial supply to the kidney are from teh ____ that branch directly form teh _____ at teh ______ vetebral leve. | Renal arteries. Aorta. L1 l2 |
| tEh _ renal artery is longer than the _____. | Right. Left |
| Teh _ renal arter passes posterior to the IVC. | Right |
| Each renal artery branches into _____ segmental arteries. | 5 |
| REnal veins drain directinly into the _______. TEh ___ renal vein is longer and passes between the aorta and proximal part fo the SMA. | IVC. |
| Teh lymphatic drainage fo the kidneys folles the rnal vessles to the lumbar __________ lymph nodes. | Aortic |
| The ________ are fibromuscular tubes that conduct urine form the kidneys to the _________. | Ureter. urinary bladder |
| Urine is moved both by ______ and ______ _____. | gRavity. Peristaltic contraction |
| tEh ureters pass inferiorly in teh ________ from teh rnal pelvis. Tehy lie on the _____ then cross anterior to the _________ ____- ______ and pass into the pelvis | retroperitoneal space. psoas. common iliac arteries |
| _______ vessels usually cross each ureter anterioly as teh ureter pass inferioly on the posterior wall. | Gonadal vessels |
| Small branches from teh renal arteries, aorta and _______ arteries supply teh ureters | Gonadal- and the common iliac arteris. |
| Sensory innvervation of the renal pelvis and upper ureter is form _____. | T10-12 |
| Teh mid portion of the ureter is seneory innervated by ________. | Splanichs L1-L3 |
| Teh inferior pelvic part fo the ureter is innervated form _____ levels. | sacral |
| The ________ glands are clossely applied to teh superior poles of the kidneys from which they ar separated by a thin extension of renal fascia. | Suprarenal |
| Teh _____ suprarenal gland is triangle shaped. Because it lies in clos proximity to the ______-. | Triangular. IVC |
| Teh ____ suprarenal gland is semilunar, and like the other, lies against the diaphragm, spleen, oemental bursa snd tail fo pancreas. | Left |
| Teh supraneal cortes is a ______ gland of _______ origin and secretes _______. | Endocrine. Mesodermal. Corticosteroids and androgens. |
| The suprarenal medulla is of _______ origin and functions as a collection of ______. | NEural crest. Postganglionic sympathetic input. |
| Chromaffin cells are in the _____- of the suprarenal gland and release ______ in response to __________ nerve fibers. | Medulla. epinephrine and norepi. Preganglionic sympathetics |
| TEh suprareanl glands are supplied by branches from 3 places- what are they? | Branches from treh inferior phrenic artery, aorta, renal arteries |
| What vein drains the suprarenal gland. | The right/left suprarenal vein- drains to IVC and left renal vein respectively. |
| Lymphatic drainage from suprarenal glands goes to? | Most superior aortic lymph nodes. |
Created by:
natehogg5