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Earthqauke
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| when the force on rock is great enough, they break producing vibrations called __________ | earthquakes |
| once the elastic limit of rock is passed, they break and move along surfaces called _________ | faults |
| the height of the lines traced on paper is a measure of the energy released or the __________ of the earthquake. | magnitude |
| most earthquakes happen along _____, without warning, and in areas where earthquakes have occurred in the past | faults |
| a person located twice as far from an epicenter of an earthquake as another person will notice that the time between the arrival of the primary and secondary waves will be _______ | greater |
| scientists discovered changes in earth's interior by studying ______ | changes in seismic waves |
| _______ is the force that squeezes rocks together | compression |
| _______ is the force that pulls rocks apart | tension |
| ______ is the force that causes plates to move sideways past each other | shear |
| ______ faults are caused by tensional forces | normal |
| _____ faults are caused by compression forces | reverse |
| __________ faults are faults caused by shear forces | strike-slip |
| along a _____ fault, rock above the fault surfaces moves downward in relation to rock below the fault surface | normal |
| along a _____ fault, rock above the fault surface moves upward in relation to rock below the fault surface | reverse |
| at a _____ fault, rocks on either side of the fault surface move past each other | strike-slip |
| the most destructive seismic wave are _______ | surface waves |
| the ______ waves are the first to reach a seismograph after an earthquake | primary |
| at least _____ seismographs are needed to accurately locate an earthquake's epicenter | 3 |
| the point in earth's interior where the energy release of an earthquake occurs is the ______ | focus |
| seismic waves __________ when they reach the bottom of the crust | speed up |
| the magnitude of an earthquake is measured by the _____ | Richter scale |
| primary waves ______ when they hit the liquid outer core. | slow down |
| secondary waves _____ when they hit the liquid outer core. | stop |
| when the buildup of stress in earth's crust is so great that rocks reach their __________, an earthquake occurs. | elastic limit |
| ____________ move through earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the waves. | secondary waves |
| the boundary between the upper mantle and the crust is called _______ | moho discontinuity |
| one way to make your home seismic-safe is to put heavy items on _____ shelves. | lower |
| the san andreas fault in california is an example of a _______ fault | strike slip |
| the radius of the circle seismologists draw on a map is equal to the distance from a station to an earthquake's _________ | epicenter |
| primary and secondary waves slowdown when they hit the plastic-like layer of the upper mantle called the ________ | asthenosphere |
| no seismic waves are detected in the ________ | shadow zone |
| the richter scale is based on the height of the lines traced by a _______ | seismograph |
| the slowest seismic waves are _______ | surface waves |
| ___________ move through earth by causing particles of rocks to move back and forth in the same directions as the waves | primary waves |
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