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225 exam questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| As children enter adolescence the information that they believe is important to know about a friend changes from | Concern with repriprocity, intimacy, and mutual understanding |
| At about age 11, Emily legs begin to grow faster than the rest of her body. This would be an example of | Asynchrony |
| Prosocial behavior is | Action intended to aid |
| During recess of her third grade class, Mrs. Chester notice that the boys go off and play with boys while the girls stay primarily with other girls. This illustrates | Gender cleavage |
| The education self fulfilling prophecy is most accurately stated, as follows | Teacher expectation guides student performance |
| Jacob has become very interested in how things are made or how they work. He likes to try his hand at a variety of new skills. According to Erickson, Jacob is probably in which stage of development | Initiative vs. guilt |
| All the following are characteristics of children who might be considered unpopular except | Aggressive, egocentric |
| The criteria that people use in describing the relative worth and desirability of things are referred to as | Values |
| When Ann does well on a test, she attributes her performance to look. Anna could be said to possess | External locus of control |
| 15 year old Jane has not yet begin to menstruate. She is having a delayed | Menarche |
| Which of the following is NOT a reason your text states for adolescents indulgence in body art? | Too express intimacy |
| Erik Erickson believes that as a result of trying on different roles along with facing complications of trying to achieve a stable- concept, many adolescents developed a blurred self-image. He called this difficulty | Negative identity |
| Carol Gilligan’s research has led her to believe that most females feel sore confident, assertive and positive about themselves at what school period | Elementary |
| According to research discussed in text, membership in cliques tends to peak along adolescents in | Middle or late junior high school |
| Rodney is in preschool. His teacher notices that Rodney sometimes appears to be talking to himself. How is the teacher likely to react? | She will not be concerned because for some children this age engage in |
| Adolescents boys and girls express considerable emotions over their | Skin and hair |
| Jonathon began maturing when he was about 12 years old. As compared to other boys, research evidence suggests that Jon is more likely to be | Talkative and rebellious |
| Which disease has been tied to the increasing rate of obesity in adolescents and young adult | Type 2 Diabetes |
| Which of the following is false about adolescents and STDS | The need for intimacy and love outweigh the fear of getting STDS |
| Juanita is very sensitive to olfactory and gustatory sensation. At mealtimes her parents have probably noticed that Juanita is | Finicky eater |
| Andrew a four year old with a history of yelling, biting, fighting and running in his preschool, has been prescribed a mild stimulant drug, methalypedaime. Andrew has probably been diagnosed with | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| According to lecture, if a child is in the intuitive stage of thinking is asked to draw the largest possible square and the smallest possible square, the child will most likely will | Draw many squares on the paper in order to compare them visually to se if each is larger or smaller |
| Research on homosexual behavior among adolescents: | It is almost just a transient de velopmental phase |
| According to Piaget, which of the following types or morality comes out of the interaction of children who are equal in status? | Autonomous |
| According to lecture, if I learn the order of the planets by using the phrase- this memory technique known as | Elaboration |
| Reports indicate that national campaign to curb teenage pregnancy rates over the past several years has | Seen some success |
| Supporters of the chemical theory of love maintain that intense romantic attraction can release neurotransmitters that have an effect on the brain similar to the effect of | Narcotics |
| James knows he will inherit his father’s farm one day. He belonged to futer farmers association in high school and has enrolled in agricultural progress at college. Which of these four identity formations would best classify james | Identity achieved |
| Research on suicides discussed in your text has found | Women attempt more suicide than men, but completed suicides are higher among men |
| Thirteen-year-old Nelson dreams that he is having sex with a beautiful model. When he awakens, he notices that he has ejaculated. This is an example of | Nocturnal orgasm |
| What is the most common cause of death during childhood? | Birth defects |
| According to Kohlberg, preschoolers are in what stage of moral development | Preconventional |
| During which stage of rule knowledge, according to Piaget, would a child “play” a game alone, without trying to compete with others? | Egocentric |
| According to Vygotsky, tasks that are a little too hard for children to accomplish alone can be mastered when a more skilled partner helps them. This is the definition of | Zone of proximal development |
| According to lecture on puberty adolescence, the secular tend refers to | Tendency over historical time for some pubertal events to occur at an earlier time in the life of an adolescent compared to previous generations |
| The awareness and understanding of memory processes is called | Metamemory |
| 15-year-old Helene thinks she is different from her friends and is going to become rich and famous. According to David elkind this illustrates a | Wish fulfillment |
| According to G. Stanley Hall, adolescence is a period of | Storm and stress |
| Lack of awareness that are viewpoints other than ones own best defines | Egocentrism |
| According to piaget, children first develop the capacity to represent external world internally through the use of symbols during which period | Preoperational |
| Lisette has just learned the alphabet. She is now able to identify letters on flash cards chosen at random and is able to give a word that starts with any letter. Lissette is now able to | Represent the external world internally through symbols |
| Which theory explains the role that selective reinforcement and imitation play in the process of acquiring a gender identity | Cognitive learning |
| Which theory suggests that in large families resources get spread thin, to the detriment of all offspring? | Resource dilution hypothesis |
| According to lecture, which of the following is a component of an ecological model of aggression | All are components |
| Spencer recognizes that the amount of substance remains the same even though the shape or position it is in changes. He has acquired | Conservation |
| Which types of parenting behaviors are most apt to produce children with high emotional-special competence | High warmth, models of positive emotions |
| Which best describes the self? | A system of concepts that people use to define who they are |
| Which is NOT an explanation offered by your text for the increasing amount of time children spend with peers, as they grow older? | Motor abilities increase, more participation in groups |
| According to your textbook children influence each other in all of the following ways except | Reinforcement |
| Cory wants to play with a doll, but his father tells him that boys should play baseball instead. Cory’s desire to play with dolls violates our society’s typical gender | Roles |
| Study’s of creativity suggests | Parents and teachers who wish to support creativity among children should respect children questions and ideas |
| Children acquire the principle that enable time to evaluate various actions as right and wrong through a process called | Moral development |
| Feelings of emotional arousal that lead a person to take another’s perspective are termed | Empathy |
| Fear can be distinguished form anxiety because | Fear has tangible stimulus |
| According to your textbook, which statement about self-esteem is most accurate? | Success builds self esteem |
| Jenny refuses to eat and feels she is overweight. In reality, she is very underweight. Jenny is most likely suffering from | Anorexia nervosa |
| Dave and April raise their son homer to do exactly what they tell him. Diana baumrind would most likely consider this an example of which kind of parenting | Authoritarian |
| When we use certain, inaccurate, rigid, exaggerated cultural images to help us place people in social categories, we are using | A stereotype |
| Gabe has a learning disability that interferes with his ability to read. He doesn’t seem to follow written directions on exams and is doing poorly in school because of this. He has normal intelligence level. Gabes learning disability is probably | Dyslexia |
| According to lecture, the biological and physical changes associated with puberty affect the adolescent sense of self | Indirectly through the subjective meanings that the adolescent attaches to them change. Indirectly through the reaction of significant others to these changes |
| An individuals awareness and understanding of his or her mental process is called metacognition | True |
| According to the text, peers are the most important influences on adolescences regarding finances, education, and career | False |
| Most life-long smokers begin smoking during adolescence | True |
| According to lecture, in the preconventional level of moral development, level 1- moral values resides in persons and standards rather than an external happenings, in bad acts or physical needs | True |
| If a person undertakes an activity for some purpose other than its own sake, that person is said to be extrinsically motivated for the activity | True |
| The most frequent type of child maltreatment is sexual abuse | True |
| According to lecture, as children mature, their amount of social play increases | True |
| Jeffrey sees two beakers with equal amounts of water being poured into a tall, skinny beaker and a short beaker. Understands that the beakers still have the same amount of water in them. Jeffrey is exhibiting the cognitive ability known as contraction. | False |
| A young child who assumes that moral rules are absolute would be best characterized as being in the post-conventional stage | True |
| According to lecture, unfocused temper tantrums decrease during the preschool years, although directed anger (acts of retaliation) increases | True |
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