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A&P Ch6-8 Test rw
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Frontal | forehead bone |
| Zygomatic | cheekbone |
| Mandible | lower jaw, site of mental foramen, |
| Nasal | bridge of nose |
| Palatine | posterior bones of the hard palate |
| Parietal | much of the lateral and superior cranium |
| Occipital | most posterior part of cranium, condyles here articulate with the atlas, foramen magnum |
| Sphenoid | single, irregular, bat-shaped bone forming part of the cranial floor, site of sella turcica, |
| Lacrimal | tiny bones bearing tear ducts |
| Maxilla | anterior part of hard palate |
| Ethmoid | superior and medial nasal conchae fromed from its projections, site of cribriform plate, bears an upward protrusion, crista galli |
| Temporal | site of mastoid process, styloid process, middle ear found here |
| Hyoid | small u-shaped bone in neck, where many tongue muscles attach |
| Vomer | nasal septum |
| Which 4 bones contain paranasal sinuses? | maxilla, sphenoid, ethmoid, frontal |
| What bones contain alveoli bearing teeth? | Mandible and maxilla |
| Suture | interlocking joints that joins bones |
| Which skull bone is not joined by a suture? | mandible |
| Which bones are connected by the lambdoid suture? | occipital and parietal |
| Which bones are connected by the Squamous suture? | temporal and parietal |
| What are the 8 bones of the cranium? | parietalx2, temporalx2, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, epthmoid |
| Function of the sinuses | lighten the facial bones, and resonance chambers for speech |
| What is the orbit? | the socket that holds the eye |
| What bones contribute to the formation of the orbit? | ethmoid bone, frontal bone, Maxillae, lacrimal, palatine |
| Why can the sphenoid bone be called the keystone of the cranial floor? | it comes in contact with all the other cranial bones |
| Atlas | works with occipital condyle to allow head to nod, supports the head |
| Axis | provides a pivot for rotation of the atlas |
| Cervical vertebra | contains foramina in the transverse processes which the vertebral arteries ascend to reach the brain |
| Coccyx | tail bone, fused vertebrae |
| Sacrum | composite bone, articulates with the hip bone laterally |
| Lumbar vertebra | massive vertebrae weight-sustaining |
| Thoracic vertebra | transverse processes faceted for articulation with ribs, spinous process pointing sharply downward |
| Cavity enclosing the nerve end | vertebral foramen |
| Weight-bearing portion of the vertebra | body |
| Provide levers against which muscles pull (vertebral) | spinous process, transverse process |
| Provide an articulation point for the ribs | body and transverse process |
| Openings providing for exit of spinal nerves | intervertebral foramina |
| Structures that form an enclosure for the spinal cord | body and vertebral arch |
| Describe how a spinal nerve exists from the vertebral column | through the intervertebral foramina |
| Name two structures that permit flexibility of the vertebral column | s-shaped construction of the vertebrae, presence of intervertebral discs |
| What kind of tissue composes the intervertebral discs | central gelatinous and collagen fibers |
| What is a herniated disc? | when the annulus purpose ruptures, parts of the disc might press on the spinal cord causing numbness or excruciating pain |
| What two spinal curvatures are obvious at birth? | Thoracic and sacral |
| Under what conditions do the secondary curvatures develop? | When the baby begins holding its head and when the baby starts to walk |
| How is the arm held clear of the widest dimension of the thoracic cage? | the clavicle acts as a brace to hold the arm away from the top of the thorax |
| What is the total number of phalanges in the hand? | 14 |
| What is the total number of carpals in the wrist? | 8 |
| Pectoral girdle | flexibility most important, lightweight, insecure axial and limb attachment |
| Pelvic | massive, secure axial and limb attachments, weight-bearing most important |
| What organs are protected by the pelvic girdle | ovaries, urinary bladder, intestines |
| Deltoid tuberosity | raised area on lateral surface of humerus to which deltoid muscle attaches |
| Acromion | Scapular region to which the clavicle connects |
| Glenoid Cavity | depression in the scapula that articulates with the humerus |
| Coracoid process | process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment |
| Trochlea | distal condyle of the humerus; adjoins the radius |
| Capitulum | rounded knob on the humerus; adjoins the radius |
| Coronoid fossa | anterior depression, superior to the trochlea, which receives part of the ulna when the forearm is flexed |
| Cartilaginous | allows slight movement, includes joints between the vertebral and pubic symphysis, cartilage connecting bony portions |
| Fibrous | essentially immovable joints, sutures, bones region are united by fibrous connective tissue |
| Synovial | all characterized by a fibrous articular capsule with synovial membrane surrounding a joint cavity, freely movable or Diarthrotic, hip, knee and elbow joints |
| Ligament | unite bones, prevent excessive motion, the more ligament the stronger |
| Tendon | most important stabilizing factor kept useful by toning |
| Articular cartilage | covers the surface of the bones forming the joints |
| Synovial membrane | produce synovial liquid which reduces friction |
| Bursa | sacs that reduces friction when tendons cross bone |
| Ball and socket | hip joint, multiaxial |
| Condyloid | joint between forearm bones and wrist, skull and vertebral column, biaxial joints |
| Gliding | intervertebral joints (between articular processes), intercarpal joints, |
| Hinge | uniaxial joints, |
Created by:
MitsukiTenshi