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SS-Chemistry: GOB 3

QuestionAnswer
Atom The smallest and simplest particle of an element.
Atomic theory A set of assumptions proposed by the English scientist John Dalton to explain the chemical behavior of matter.
Subatomic particles Three kinds of fundamental particles from which atoms are made: protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Proton A positively charged subatomic particle.
Neutron An electrically neutral subatomic particle.
Electron A negatively charged subatomic particle.
Atomic mass unit (amu) A convenient unit for describing the mass of an atom
Nucleus The dense, central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons.
Isotopes Atoms with identical atomic numbers, but with different mass numbers.
Atomic weight The weighted average mass of an element's atoms.
Period One of the 7 horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table.
Group One of the 18 vertical columns of elements in the periodic table.
Main group element An element in one of the two groups on the left or the six groups on the right of the periodic table.
Transition metal element An element in one of the 10 smaller groups near the middle of the periodic table.
Inner transition metal element An element in one of the 14 groups shown separately at the bottom of the periodic table.
Alkali metal An element in group 1A of the periodic table.
Alkaline earth metal An element in group 2A of the periodic table.
Halogen An element in group 7A of the periodic table.
Noble gas An element in group 8A of the periodic table.
Shell (electron) A grouping of electrons in an atom according to energy.
Subshell (electron) A grouping of electrons in a shell according to the shape of the region of space they occupy.
Orbital A region of space within an atom where an electron in a given subshell can be found.
Electron configuration The specific arrangement of electrons in an atom's shells and subshells.
S-block element A main group element that results from the filling of a s orbital.
P-Block element A main group element that results from the filling of p orbitals.
D-Block element A transition metal element that results from the filling of the d orbitals.
F-Block element An inner transition metal element that results from the filling of the f orbitals.
Valence shell The outermost electron shell of an atom.
Valence electron An electron in the valence shell of an atom.
Electron-dot symbol An atomic symbol with dots placed around it to indicate the number of valence electrons.
Created by: opentoinput