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SS-Chemistry: GOB 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | The smallest and simplest particle of an element. |
| Atomic theory | A set of assumptions proposed by the English scientist John Dalton to explain the chemical behavior of matter. |
| Subatomic particles | Three kinds of fundamental particles from which atoms are made: protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
| Proton | A positively charged subatomic particle. |
| Neutron | An electrically neutral subatomic particle. |
| Electron | A negatively charged subatomic particle. |
| Atomic mass unit (amu) | A convenient unit for describing the mass of an atom |
| Nucleus | The dense, central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons. |
| Isotopes | Atoms with identical atomic numbers, but with different mass numbers. |
| Atomic weight | The weighted average mass of an element's atoms. |
| Period | One of the 7 horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table. |
| Group | One of the 18 vertical columns of elements in the periodic table. |
| Main group element | An element in one of the two groups on the left or the six groups on the right of the periodic table. |
| Transition metal element | An element in one of the 10 smaller groups near the middle of the periodic table. |
| Inner transition metal element | An element in one of the 14 groups shown separately at the bottom of the periodic table. |
| Alkali metal | An element in group 1A of the periodic table. |
| Alkaline earth metal | An element in group 2A of the periodic table. |
| Halogen | An element in group 7A of the periodic table. |
| Noble gas | An element in group 8A of the periodic table. |
| Shell (electron) | A grouping of electrons in an atom according to energy. |
| Subshell (electron) | A grouping of electrons in a shell according to the shape of the region of space they occupy. |
| Orbital | A region of space within an atom where an electron in a given subshell can be found. |
| Electron configuration | The specific arrangement of electrons in an atom's shells and subshells. |
| S-block element | A main group element that results from the filling of a s orbital. |
| P-Block element | A main group element that results from the filling of p orbitals. |
| D-Block element | A transition metal element that results from the filling of the d orbitals. |
| F-Block element | An inner transition metal element that results from the filling of the f orbitals. |
| Valence shell | The outermost electron shell of an atom. |
| Valence electron | An electron in the valence shell of an atom. |
| Electron-dot symbol | An atomic symbol with dots placed around it to indicate the number of valence electrons. |
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