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Chap.9 hair and scal
Cosmetology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The scientific study of hair,and it's diseases and care, | Trichology |
| Part of the hair located below the surface of the scalp | Hair root |
| The portion of the hair that projects above the skin | Hair shaft |
| The tube like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. | Follicle |
| The lowest area or part of a hair strand. | Hair bulb |
| A small,cone shaped area located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb. | Dermal papilla |
| A tiny involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle. | Arrestor pili |
| The oil glands of the skin,connected to the hair follicles. | Sebaceous glands |
| The outermost layer of the hair | Cuticle |
| The middle layer of the hair.It is a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment | Cortex |
| The innermost layer and is composed of round cells | Medulla |
| Living cells form,they begin their journey upward through the hair follicle.they mature in this process called | Keratinization |
| Proteins are made up of long chains of this. | Amino acids |
| The chemical bond that links amino acids | Peptide bond or end bonds |
| A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. | Polypeptide |
| The spiral shape of a coiled protein. | Helix |
| A weak physical side bond. | Hydrogen bond |
| A weak,temporary side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains. | Salt bonds |
| Salt bonds | Easily broken by strong alkaline or acidic solutions. |
| A chemical side bond that is very different from the physical bonding of a hydrogen or salt bond. | Disulfide bond |
| Disulfide bond | Joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring cysteine amino acids to create cystine. |
| Carbon | Percentage in normal hair of 51% |
| Oxygen | Percentage in normal hair of 21% |
| Hydrogen | Percentage in normal hair of 6% |
| Nitrogen | Percentage in normal hair of 17% |
| Sulfur | Percentage in normal hair of 5% |
| Tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair. | Melanin |
| Provides brown and black color to hair. | Eumelanin |
| Provides colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow/blond tones. | Pheomelanin |
| Refers to the shape of the hair strand,and is described as straight,wavy,curly,or extremely curly. | Wave pattern |
| The thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand. | Hair texture |
| Measures the number of individual hair strands on 1 inch square of scalp. | Hair density |
| The ability of the hair to absorb moisture.The degree of porosity is directly related to the condition of the cuticle later. | Hair porosity |
| The ability of the hair to stretch and return to it's original length without breaking. | Hair elasticity |
| Hair flowing in the same direction,resulting from follicles sloping in the same direction. | Hair stream |
| Hair that forms in a circular pattern,as on the crown. | Whorl |
| A tuft of hair that stands straight up. | Cowlick |
| Lanugo hair is short,fine,and downy. | Vellus |
| Long hair found on the scalp,legs,arms,and bodies.of males and females. | Terminal hair |
| Growth phase,new hair is produced. | Anagen |
| Phase is the brief transition period between the growth and resting phases of a hair follicle. | Catagen |
| Resting phase is the final phase in the hair cycle and lasts until the fully grown hair is shed. | Telogen |
| Abnormal hair loss | Alopecia |
| The result of genetics,age,and hormonal changes that cause miniaturization of terminal hair,converting it to vellus hair. | Androgenic alopecia |
| Characterized by the sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots,and may occur on the scalp and elsewhere on the body. | Alopecia areata |
| Temporary hair loss experienced at the conclusion of a pregnancy | Postpartum alopecia |
| The technical term for gray hair. | Canities |
| A variety of canities,characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand. | Ringed hair |
| Also called hirsuties,a condition of abnormal growth of hair. | Hypertrichosis |
| The technical term for split ends. | Trichoptilosis |
| Knotted hair is characterized by brittleness and the formation of modular swellings along the hair shaft. | Tricchorrhexis nodosa |
| The technical term for beaded hair. | Monilethrix |
| The technical term for brittle hair. | Fragilitas crinium |
| The medical term for dandruff,which is characterized by the excessive production and accumulation of skin cells. | Pityriasis |
| Another type of fungal infection characterized by red papulas,or spots,at the opening of the hair follicles. | Tines capitis |
| Characterized by dry,sulfur yellow,cup like crust on the scalp called scuttle,which have a distinctive odor. | Tines favosa |
| A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite that burrows under the skin. | Scabies |
| The infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice. | Pediculosis |
Created by:
jodilynn