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solar system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the planets in order from closest to furthest. | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. |
| How many planets are there? | 8 |
| Is the sun a large star or small star? | Average size. Not small or large. |
| The suns estimated life span is? How far through its estimated life span are we? | Estimated life span is 10 billion years. We are half way though it life span. |
| How was the sun formed? | From a nebula of gas, (mostly hydrogen, and other heavier chemicals left over from the previous stars supernovas. |
| another step in making the sun | From heavier elements and particles that formed a disk around the ball of gas that became our sun. |
| What is the first planet out from our sun? | Mercury |
| Why does Mercury have the shortest years? | Because of it closeness to the sun. |
| Mercury has a very thin and little atmosphere so it experiences what? Give an Example. | extreme temperature variations. The side facing the sun gets extremely hot, while the side facing away from the sun cools off to a very low temp. |
| What does the surface of Mercury look like? | Our moon |
| What is the second planet out from the sun? | Venus |
| Why is Venus called Earth's sister planet? | because of its similar size and density. Those are the only similarities. |
| What planet has the hottest average temperature of any of the planets in our solar system? And why? | Venus because of the greenhouse effect, created by its think sulfuric atmosphere. |
| Venus is the only planet in our solar system whose day is longer than its year why? | because it takes longer to complete one rotation on its axis than it does to orbit the sun. |
| Venus spins on it axis differently. In what way different? | Its spins in the opposite direction of all the other planets. |
| The Earth is the #____ planet from our sun. | 3rd |
| What are Earth's three main layers? | Core, Mantel, and Crust. |
| What other planets other than Earth have a core, mantel, and crust | Venus and Mars |
| The Earths core is theorized to be composed of what? | Solid Iron |
| The Iron atoms in the Earths core are aligned in one direction, because ... | Because of the large amount of pressure in the center of the Earth. |
| The Earth's atmosphere is composed of what gasses? | 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, and 1% other gasses |
| Mars is the 4th planet from the sun, it is considered to be most like Earth in terms of what? | composition and potential for life to have started |
| Mars red color reminded early astronomers of the color of blood, leading them to name Mars afters the ________________. | Roman god of War |
| Why is Mars red? | because of its large amounts of Iron Oxide(rust) in the soil |
| What are the polar ice caps on Mars composed of? | Carbon Dioxide |
| Recent probes to Mars has discovered signs of what? | water once existed on it |
| The asteroid belt is found between what two planets? | Mars and Jupiter. |
| What is the Asteroid belt composed of? | Its and area of small objects ranging from the size of pebbles to the size of Texas. |
| What are the rocky objects in the Asteroid Belt believed to have come from? | The formation of the solar system |
| What does Mars and Jupiter do for the Asteroid Belt? | Keep the Asteroids in their circular orbit. |
| Some times asteroids collide causing what? | one to leave the Asteroid Belt |
| Asteroids have been blamed for what? | extinctions on Earth |
| Scientists believe that the cause of asteroids colliding and leaving the belt is how Mars and other planets got what? | their moons |
| Jupiter is the 5th planets from our _____. | Sun |
| The largest planet in our solar system is? | Jupiter |
| Just about how many Earth's could you fit inside of Jupiter? | more than one thousand |
| Jupiter generates twice the amount of heat energy that it ... | receives from the sun |
| Jupiter has the fastest rotation _____ out of all the planets. | Speed |
| Jupiter's core is theorized to be either _______ or _________. | Rocky or a liquid. |
| There is a giant red spot on Jupiter it has been there since when? | Galileo's time |
| The giant red spot on Jupiter is actually what? | a giant storm that circles the planet |
| How many rings does Jupiter have? | It has 3 rings |
| Saturn is known for one major characteristic what is it? | Saturn is the ringed planet, even though it isn't the only planet with rings it is best know of this characteristic. |
| Which planet has the lowest density(lower than water)? | Saturn |
| Saturn's three main rings contain, and are composed of what? | it contains thousands of smaller ringlets and is composed of ice and dust. |
| What planets generates more heat than it receives from the sun? | Saturn and Jupiter |
| What happens because of Saturn's high rotational speed along with its low density? | causes it to bulge at the equator |
| Uranus has a what degree orbit? | 90 degrees orbit |
| How many rings does Uranus have? | 11 rings |
| Why is Uranus a bluish color? | because of the Methane in its outer atmosphere. |
| Uranus is the #_____ planet from the sun. | 7th |
| Neptune is the smallest of what group? | the gas giants |
| How many rings does Neptune have? | four rings |
| The atmosphere on Neptune contains large amount of what? | Methane |
| Neptune also has storms that often appear just like what other planet? | Jupiter |
| What year did a lo of changes happen considering the dwarf planets? | 2006 |
| In 2006 the __________________ Union voted on a resolution to change the definition of a planet. | International Astronomical Union |
| The union threw down several ______ and argued | proposals |
| The first reports were that the Union had decided to base the definition of a planet on how many criteria. | two criteria |
| What were the two criteria the Union first made? | One was to set a minimum size, based on diameter. The other was the object’s mass being large enough to cause it to form into a sphere. |
| The unions first report added in what three other planets? | This originally added three new planets, Charon (Pluto’s moon), Ceres ( a large asteroid in the Asteroid belt) and Xena (officially 2003 UB313), a large object found in the Oort cloud). |
| Suddenly that all changed. The Union voted to adopt a resolution that defined a planet on more than just the.... | diameter and its formation into a spherical shape. |
| The unions new definition of the planet required what new law... | the astronomical body to have enough gravity to “have cleared the neighborhood around its orbit ”. |
| The new definition of a planets not only took _____,_______,______, but it also took of ________. | Charon, Ceres and Xena back off the planet list, it also removed Pluto. |
| Charon, Ceres, Xena, and Pluto after they were taken off the planet list they were called what? | Dwarf Planets |
| The new definition of a planet has several parts: | 1) Is in orbit around the sun 2) Has enough mass that its gravity caused it to form as a sphere 3) Has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit |
| According to the new resolution a Dwarf Planet is a celestial body that | A) is in orbit around the Sun B) has sufficient mass to form as a sphere C) has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit D) is not a satellite ( a satellite is a body that orbits a planet, whether man made or natural) |
| What is the name of Pluto's moon called? | Charon |
| what does it mean to clears its neighborhood? | it means at the end stage of forming a planet it gravitational orbit has pushed all of its comparable sized planets away except for it moons. |
| IAU is still in debate whether Charon and Pluto are what? | whether their both planets, they are binary planets, or charon is pluto's moon. |
| Pluto WAS the smallest planets discovered in what year? | 1930 |
| It is composed of mostly of what? | rock and frozen water |
| Pluto was theorized to be apart of what? | Kuiper Belt |
| Pluto was theorized to be originally apart of Kuiper Belt but was captured by what? | The suns gravitational pull |
| Where is Kuiper belt located and what is it composed of? | Kuiper Belt a large belt of rocky, icy objects beyond Neptune’s orbit |
| Pluto's orbit is elliptical causing it to loop into what planets orbit? | Neptune |
| When Pluto looped into Neptune's orbit it was was closer to the sun for _____ years? | 14 years |
| It is orbited by Charon, which is almost as large as Pluto (though two possible moons, known as Nix and Hydra, have recently | been discovered |
| Charon is considered to be Pluto's _______. | moon/satellite |
| Charon is _____ the size of Pluto | half |
| Charon's mass is so great that Charon and Pluto orbit a barycenter. What is a barycenter? | ( a location part way between the two objects) |
| Ceres recently upgraded to the status of a _______ ________. | Dwarf Planet |
| What year was Ceres discovered? and what was it originally classified as what? | 1801 and planet |
| Later Ceres was down graded to an ________. | asteroid |
| Where is Ceres located? | In the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. |
| Eris is know as the largest planet, slightly bigger than ... | Pluto |
| Eris is also know as what name? | Xena |
| Eris s a Kuiper Belt object with a large orbit how many times greater at is furthest distance? | (three times greater at its farthest distance from the sun than Pluto’s greatest distance from the sun) |
| the moon is an example of a satellite what is a satellite? | Any object that orbits a planet |
| How was the moon theoretically formed? | when a large object slammed into the Earth early in it’s formation a chunk of the earth was lost. The piece was big enough to reform into a sphere creating our moon. |
| What cases the ocean's tides on earth? | The moon’s mass creates a gravitational pull on the Earth. This pull causes the earth’s surface to flex. |
| It is theorized that because of the moons gravitational pull has an effect on the occurrences of | earthquakes and Volcanic eruptions |
| The same side of the moon is always facing the earth. Meaning the takes exactly the same amount of time for what? | It takes the exact same time for the Moon to spin once on its axis as it does for it to complete one full orbit of the Earth. This cycle takes 29.5 days to complete. |
| What are the main phases of the moon called? | We have all seen and heard of the “full moon”, “quarter moon”, “crescent moon” and “new moon”. |
| A lot of people think that when the sun sets the moon rises right after, but this only happens only how many days out of the year. | One day out of the year |
| Since the Earth spins on its axis every 24 hours, and the moon takes 29.5 days to orbit the Earth, it appears in the sky... | at a different time each day |
| The moon rises when the sun sets during a _______________. | full moon |
| The day after a full moon the moon rises approximately ___ minutes later, and is slightly less than full. | 50 min |
| The shape of the moon changes when? | each day |
| A blue moon occurs when? | the second full moon of a calender month. |
| List the planets from smallest to largest | mercury, mars, venus, earth, neptune, uranus, saturn, and jupiter |
Created by:
natwhitney