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Where do the testes develop
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What guides testes in their descent into scrotum
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Anatomy #4
Anatomy "Inguinal canal" 11/2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where do the testes develop | retroperitoneal (extraperitoneal)space of posterior abdominal wall |
| What guides testes in their descent into scrotum | gubernaculum |
| In order to get to the scrotum the testes must pass from | inside to outside the abdominal cavity |
| What are the tubes and vessels of a testis called | spermatic cord |
| What does the spermatic cord create as it dives through muscle wall, fascia , and other stuff | inguinal canal |
| As the testis and spermatic ford pass through lower abdominal wall what does it pick up | covering from some of the muscles and fascia of abdominal wall |
| Are womens inguinal canal development similar to ours | Hell yes (minus the testis) |
| What produces an inguinal hernia | weakness in lower abdominal wall created by the inguinal canal leads to protrusion of intestines through abdominal wall |
| What is the scrotum basically | a cutaneous sac that holds the testis |
| What is Dartos fascia | a membranous layer of fascia immediately deep to skin |
| What is Dartos fascia continuous with | Scarpas fascia (inferior abd. Wall) and Colles fascia (perineum) |
| Does the dartos fasica continue onto the shaft of the penis | you betcha |
| what creates the sctoral septum that divide scrotum into left and right compartments | Dartos fascia |
| Contraction of what muscle wrinkles the sac and brings testis closer to abdominal wall | Dartos muscle |
| What is anterior scrotum innervated by | branches of ilioinguinal nerve |
| What is posterior scrotum innervated by | branches of perineal nerve and branches of posterior femoral cutaneous nerve |
| What is each testis suspended by in scrotum | spermatic cord |
| What is the testis fibrous outer covering | tunica albuginea |
| Fibrous septa divides the internal testis into | lobules |
| Where are sperm produced | seminiferous tubules |
| What is track of sperm from seminiferous tubules to epididymis | sem. Tubes-> straight tubules-> rete testis-> efferent ductules->epididymis |
| Basic characteristics of epididymis | highly convoluted tubule goes along the superior pole and posterior surface |
| Where and shape of head of epididymis | superior pole, coiled |
| Where and shape of body of epididymis | posterior margin, highly coiled |
| Where and shape of tail of epididymis | inferior pole, straightens out becomes ductus deferens |
| What is a remnant of peritoneum that surrounds the testis except along epididymis | tunica vaginalis (parietal layer and visceral layer) |
| What does the spermatic cord contain | testicular artery, pampiniform plexus, ductus deferens, nerve fibers, lymph vessels |
| What does testicular artery arise from | abdominal aorta inferior to renal artery |
| Where does the right testis drain blood to | IVC |
| Where does the left testis drain blood to | left renal vein |
| What does the ductus deferens do | conduct sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct |
| What kind of nerves are applied to testicular artery | somatic sensory and postganglionic sympathetic |
| What kind of nerve fibers accompany the ductus | parasympathetic |
| Where do lymph vessels of testis drain to | posterior abdominal lymph nodes |
| What is the inguinal canal | oblique passage in abdominal wall about 4cm long that transmits spermatic cords in males (round ligament of uterus in females) |
| What is the shape of inguinal canal | crescent shaped opening |
| What does the aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique form in inguinal canal | Pouparts ligament, superficial inguinal ring, Gambernats ligmanet, Coopers ligament |
| What is the rolled under inferior margin of the aponeurosis that attaches b/t the ASIS and pubic tubercle | inguinal (Poupart's) ligament |
| What does the spermatic cord go through to pass from inguinal canal to scrotum | superficial inguinal ring |
| What do the medial most fibers of inguinal ligament turn posterior and become | Lacunar (Gimbernat's) ligament |
| What does gimbernat's ligament form | the Pectineal (Coopers) ligament |
| Where does internal abdominal oblique attach | lateral inguinal ligament and pubic crest |
| What does the transversus abdominis attach | lateral part of inguinal ligament and pubic crest |
| What is the common tendon the internal oblique and transversus attach to pubic crest with | conjoint tendon (inguinal falx) |
| What is the site that the spermatic cord pushes through the transversalis fascia before entering inguinal canal | deep inguinal ring |
| What makes the floor of inguinal canal | inguinal ligament |
| What makes the roof of inguinal canal | arcade of internal oblique and transverus that arch over spermatic cord |
| What makes the anterior wall of inguinal canal | aponeurosis of external oblique, reinforced by internal oblique where it attaches to inguinal ligament |
| What makes posterior wall of inguinal canal | transversalis fascia, reinforced by conjoint tendon |
| What 2 nerve pass through the superficial ring (they are not part of spermatic cord) | ilioinguinal nerve and genital branch of genitofemoral nerve |
| What muscle does the genital branch of genitofemoral nerve innervate | the CREMASTER |
| What forms the internal spermatic fascia | transversalis fascia |
| What is the Cremaster formed from strands of | internal oblique |
| What does the Cremaster do | help pull testis closer to abdomen for temp maintenance |
| What forms the external spermatic fascia | external abdominal oblique |
| During development what is the extension of peritoneum that gets drawn with testis into scrotum | vaginalis |
| In normal development what does the vaginalis do upon maturation | becomes a bubble of peritoneum that surrounds testis |
| What happens is vaginalis remains patent | can be a site of inguinal hernia |
| What demarcates the two kinds of inguinal hernias | if abdominal contents do or do not enter inguinal ring |
| What are the landmarks of inguinal triangle (Hesselbachs triangle) | iliopubic tract, |
| Inferior epigastric, lateral border of rectus abdominis | |
| The iliopubic tract marks the _____ border | inferior |
| The inferior epigastric marks the ________ border | lateral |
| The lateral rectus abdominis marks the ____border | medial |
| Where is deep inguinal ring located | lateral and superior to inferior epigastric |
| What is a loop of bowel that enters the deep ring | indirect inguinal hernia |
| What is a congenital hernia | and indirect inguinal hernia that follows a patent vaginalis |
| Where will a congenital hernia appear | superficial inguinal ring or extend to scrotum |
| What is bad about a herniated loop of bowel | grave risk for strangulation and necrosis |
| What is it when bowel protrudes through abdominal wall | direct inguinal hernia |
| What is a direct inguinal hernia also called | acquired hernia |
| What is another herniation inferior to inguinal canal | femoral herniation |
| What normally prevents inguinal bowel herniation | contraction of abdominal muscles closes lumen of canal |
Created by:
thomaschris