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Chap. 4 Review

Structure of Matter

QuestionAnswer
KEY TERMS: The attractive force that holds atoms or ions together. Chemical Bond
The arrangement of bonded atoms or ions within a substance. Chemical Structure
The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms. Bond Length
The angle formed by two bonds to the same atom. Bond Angle
A bond formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic Bond
A bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions & the electron around them. Metallic Bond
A bond formed where atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. Covalent Bond
An ion made of two or more atoms that are covalenty bonded & that act like a single ion? Polyatomic Ion
The simplest chemical formula of a compound that tells the smallest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound. Empirical Formula
A chemical formula that reports the actual numbers of atoms in one molecule of a compound. Molecular Formula
Any covalenty bonded compound that contains carbon. Organic Compound
A large organic molecule made of many smaller bonded units. Polymer
Any organic compound that has an important role in living things. Biochemical Compound
Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen & that provides nutrients to the cells of living things. Carbohydrate
A biological polymer made of bonded amino acids. Protein
Any one of 20 different naturally occurring organic molecules that combine to form proteins. Amino Acid
4.1: What is a compound or mixture? Air: Mixture. CO: Compound. SnF2: Compound. Pure Water: H2O Compound
Why is Silver Iodide used? Antiseptic medicine & Cloud seeding
What molecule has a greater attraction for each; C3H8O molecules in liquid rubbing alcohol or CH4 molecules in methane gas? CH4
Why glass, which is mainly of SiO2 is often used to make cookware? Glass is good because it can be formulated to withstand extreme fluctuations in temperature. For example, Pyrex ads used to show their dish going directly from a freezing cold appliance to a hot appliance.
4.2: What are ionic or covalent bonds? MGO: Ionic bond. SrCl2: Ionic bond. O3: Covalent bond. CH4O: Covalent.
What & why will it conduct electricity? Potassium hydroxide, KOH & dissolved in water.
Whether a silver coin can conduct electricity, what kind of bonds does silver have? Metallic Bonds
How it is possiblew for calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH]s, to have both ionic & covalent bonds? There are polar covalent bonds between the hydrogens and oxygens and ionic bonds between calcium and oxygen.
4.3: How does Avogadro's constant relates to a mole of a substance? 6.02 x 1023
What are the molar mass? Manganese (Mn): 54.938049 grams Cadmium (Cd): 112.411 grams Arsenic (As): 74.92160 grams Strontium (Sr): 87.62 grams
What 2 equivalent conversion factors for the molar mass of silver, Ag. Improve 1 mole/ 107.87 1 liter/ 4.815 g
Why a graph showing the relationship between the amount of a particular element & the element's mass is a straight line? Amount
Which has more: 3.0g of iron or 2.0g of sulfur? 3.0g iron
4.4: What are the following compounds as alkanes, alkenes or alcohols based on? 2-methylpentane alkane, 3-methyloctane alkane, 1-nonene alkene, butanol alcohol, 3-heptene alkene & cyclohexanol alcohol
Why the compound CBr5 does not exist. Givean acceptable chemical formula for compound made of only carbon & bromine? 8 electron rule
How many hydrogen atoms a compound has if it is a hydrocarbon & its carbon atom skeleton ic C=C-C=C? Doesn't mean equals but a double bond between 2 atoms.
What structures vs. properties of carbohydrates with those of proteins? Protein is from meat, fish, eggs & dairy. Carbohydrates are from bread, rice, pasta, grains & cereal.
Which compound is an alkane: CH2O, C6H14 or C3H4? All akanes are hydro carbons that follow the rule CnH2n+2
Created by: Tkelley8
 

 



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